BANCROFT 
LIBRARY 

-o 

THE  LIBRARY 

OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 
OF  CALIFORNIA 


WAYSIDE  NOTES 


ON  THE  .  .  . 


SUNSET  ROUTE 


EASTWARD  TOOM  5AN  rRATs'CISCO 


Descriptive  of  the  Feat- 
ures of  Interest  along 
^  the  line  of  Southern 

5  Pacific    Company's 

Sunset  Ro ufe  :  :  :  :  : 

Industrial 

Geographic,  Historical 
and  Scenic 

II"  doubles  the  enjoyment  of  travel  to  read  up  on  tl\e  country 

through  which  you  are  passing,  and  about  the 

places  you  intend  visiting." 


Published    by  the   Passenger   Department 

SOUTHERN  PACiriC  COMPANY 

l^_— -  San    Francisco,  Cal. 

1902 


Introduction 

C  HIS  paper  has  a  purpose,  in  some  sort  to  anticipate  questions  the 
curious  traveler  may  ask  while  he  journeys.  He  would  know  the 
names  of  rivers  crossed  by  him,  and  the  more  conspicuous  mountain 
peaks,  with  exceptional  elevation,  the  ranges  passed  in  review,  and 
locations  of  historical  or  current  interest. 

With  painstaking,  it  should  be  the  duty  and  pleasure  of  the  Company 
that  transports,  to  act  also  the  part  of  intelligent  and  truthful  guide.  To 
fail  of  it  in  the  case  in  hand  would  be  unpardonable,  for  we  traverse  much 
of  El  Camino  Real — the  famed  royal  way  of  Spanish  conquistador  and 
Mission-founding  Father. 

Not  elsewhere  can  so  much  be  seen,  tending  to  touch  the  heart  and  fire 
the  imagination;  nor  elsewhere  such  object  lessons  in  successful  empire 
building. 

The  Persian  story-tellers'  art  will  not  be  invoked — need  not  beQMain 
statements  of  well-accredited  facts  will  be  given  without  gloss;  and  if  by 
chance  in  any  case  "  fancy  is  drawn  upon  for  facts,"  it  shall  so  appear. 

This  assumes  to  answer  questions  in  advance  of  the  asking.  The  most 
important  of  them  all,  appealing  to  the  very  possibility  of  transient  life,  is 
"  Hotels  " — "  Are  there  any  good  hotels  ?  "  With  no  purpose  to  adver- 
tise a  private  business  not  necessarily  related  to  the  matter  in  hand,  rail- 
way and  transportation  lines  needful  to  reach  desirable  points,  and  hotels 
that  are  well  approved  and  are  attractions  at  important  places,  will  be 
named. 


SAN  FRANCISCO—/^/.,  including  suburbs,  450,000;  New  Orleans  2489 
miles  distant. 

Because  these  pages  address  themselves  more  largely  to  the  transient 
world,  than  to  residents  of  San  Francisco,  or  of  California  even,  it  is  not 
only  fitting,  but  imperative,  that  something  in  descriptive  way  shall  be 
said  of  that  metropolis. 

It  is  planted  upon  the  elevated  head  of  a  peninsula  bordered  on  its  east- 
ern side  by  the  Bay  of  San  Francisco,  and  on  the  western  by  the  Pacific 
Ocean,  and  that  has  extension  southward  for  fifty  miles;  not  all  of  it  how- 
ever under  control  of  this  municipality. 

Approximately  it  has  an  area  of  220  square  miles,  and  the  exterior 
bounds,  fixed  by  waters  of  bay  and  ocean,  cover  a  line  not  less  than 
forty  miles  in  length;  in  medieval  times  its  enclosing  walls  would  have 
measured  fifty  miles.  Beyond  its  southern  boundary,  but  not  far  distant, 
there  is  a  constriction  of  the  peninsula — the  distance  across  the  neck  is 
something  more  than  five  miles  from  bay  to  ocean. 

The  topography  of  this  city-crowned  "  head  of  the  peninsula,"  lends 
itself  generously  to  urban  development — whether,  with  safe  anchorage  and 
space  for  wharves,  upon  lines  that  involve  ocean  carrying  for  the  Pacific 
world;  or  upon  manufactures  to  anticipate  wants  certain  to  arise  when 
the  Orient  awakes;  or  for  grand  commercial  houses  fitted  to  be  factors 
for  half  the  entire  human  family;  or  deeply  rooted  banking  and  cloud 
courting  publication  offices;  halls  of  justice  whose  foundations  rest  on 
primeval  rocks,  that  the  scales  may  be  held  in  untrembling  hands — these, 
all  these,  tide  level  demanding,  with  associate  palatial  hotels  to  refresh 
a  transitory  nation,  and  churches  and  synagogues,  if  it  so  desires,  to  save 
a  world.  All  these  interests,  that  lie  at  the  foundation  of  municipal  great- 
ness, are  found  within  easy  pedestrian  touch  of  those  who  enter  the  city's 
gates. 

And  then,  in  picturesque  relief  from  oppressive  dead-level  commercial- 
ism— residence  hills  everywhere — one  hundred  of  them,  attainable  at  will, 
by  luxurious  street  cars — cable  and  electric — these  sanitary  hills,  covered 
by  dwellings  in  endless  variety,  some  of  them  sumptuous,  but  all  of  them 
filling  the  measures  of  ideal  homes,  with  bloom  to  gladden  the  eye,  and 
fragrance  to  bless. 

The  Hanging  Gardens  of  Babylon  were  a  failure  when  compared  with 
achievements  here,  fostered  by  cooperation  of  natural  conditions.  Golden 
Gate  Park  and  the  Cliff  House  seals  are  an  endless  delight;  and  the 
"  pomp  and  circumstance  "  of  military  Presidio  may  be  considered  edu- 
cational. Something  should  be  said  of  educational  facilities. 

At  the  head  of  them — although  not  within  the  municipal  bounds — but 
near  enough,  happily,  to  illumine  its  intellectual  atmosphere  by  their  efful- 
gence— the  University  of  California,  its  site  in  full  view  at  Berkeley  across 
an  arm  of  the  Bay;  and  Leland  Stanford  Junior  University  at  Palo  Alto, 
sixty  minutes'  run  by  rail  down  the  peninsula;  and  both  of  them  doing 
university  work  in  San  Francisco,  with  courses  of  lectures  by  their  ablest 
men.  The  best  these  universities  have  is  offered  as  a  free  gift  to  all 
who  will  receive  it;  and,  on  a  lower  plane,  including  every  class  of  schools 
from  kindergarten  to  normal,  provision  is  made  for  the  education  of  every 


one  desiring  it — whether  old  or  young — free  to  them  as  the  unstinted  air. 
Free  libraries,  under  municipal  fostering,  take  rank  with  proud  institutions 
under  corporate  control.  Hospitals  of  exceptionally  high  grade  are 
numerous — that  of  the  city  opens  its  wards  to  all  who  need;  and 
multi-named  charity  traverses  the  highways  and  hedges  in  search  of 
waifs,  and  penetrates  the  forbidding  dive,  and  concealment  of  the  garret, 
for  rescue  of  the  wandering  or  the  lost. 

Over  all  and  pervading  all,  an  atmosphere  of  perennial  delight; 
and,  in  official  life  and  business  life  and  social  life,  a  sturdy  facing  in 
the  right  direction — stimulated  it  may  be,  by  a  settled  conviction  that 
no  bounty  of  heaven  is  too  good  for  San  Francisco. 

If,  perforce,  one  must  leave  it,  and  is  permitted  choice  of  routes,  the 
start  will  be  from  Southern  Pacific  Company's  depot,  at  Third  and 
Townsend  Streets — the  outgoing  train  traversing  the  city  suburbs, 
and  passengers  can  mark  the  various  steps  of  evolution,  when 
country  rises  to  urban  life. 

OCEAN  VIEW— Ar.  <9.,  2481  miles. 

Ocean  View  is  self-named;  from  the  car  windows,  on  the  right  hand, 
you  will  get  a  bird's-eye  view  of  the  distant  Cliff  House,  of  the 
surf  line  at  the  south  of  it,  and  the  placid  waters  of  near-by  Laguna  de 
la  Merced,  created  and  fostered  by  artesian  springs.  The  thirsty  travel- 
worn  Spaniards  who  first  enjoyed  its  bounty  gave  it  the  name  of 
Mercy,  and  it  so  continues. 

One  mile  south  of  this  station  the  train  will  shake  the  dust  of  San 
Francisco  from  its  wheels  and  invite  that  of  San  Mateo. 

SOUTH  SAN  FRANCISCO— A.  0.,  2476 miles. 

San  Brnno-*.  o.,  2474  miles.    From   South  San  Francisco,    looking  towards 
the  Bay,  diverges  a  railway  track  to  a  body  of 

massive  buildings  in  the  distance.  These  are  headquarters  of  Western 
Meat  Company,  organized  on  plans  of  kindred  establishments  of  Armour 
and  Cudahy  in  the  East.  Its  operations  are  gigantic,  with  refrigerated 
and  prepared  meats  sent  along  every  pathway  of  civilization. 

MILLBRAE— X.  a,  2472  miles. 

Millbrae  has  notable  private  estates  and  residences  tributary  to  it,  is 
beautiful  for  situation,  and  abounds  in  bovine  ruminance. 

BURLINGAME— A.  <9.,  2469  miles. 

The  conception  of  Burlingame  was  esthetic  in  unusual  degree.  It 
was  planned  to  preserve  and  enhance  its  natural  endowments,  and  create  a 
place  with  accessories  suitable  for  the  nobler  sports  of  refined  social  life. 

SAN  MATEO— A:  0.,  2467  miles. 

San  Mateo  is  the  metropolis  of  the  county;  is  well  built  and  enterpris- 
ing, not  less  on  the  nobler  lines  than  those  of  commerce.  One  of  its  im- 
portant institutions,  making  appeal  to  the  best  wishes  of  all,  is  St.  Mathews 
School,  of  which  the  late  A.  L.  Brewer,  D.  D.,  was  rector.  Near  San 
Mateo,  on  the  more  elevated  lands,  is  Crystal  Lake,  one  of  the  impounding 


reservoirs  of  Spring  Valley  Water 
Company  of  San  Francisco. 

BELMONT— N.  O.,  2463  miles. 

San  Carlos-^.  O.,  2462  miles.    Belmoilt, 

named 

by  its  beautiful  mountain,  is  one  of 
the  best  esteemed,  near-by  resorts 
of  San  Francisco.  It  is  acquiring 
fame  as  seat  of  Belmont  School  for 
Boys,  with  Prof.  W.  T.  Reid,  head 
master. 

REDWOOD— ,V  6>.,  2460  miles. 

Fair  Oaks-N.  O.,  2418  miles.    Redwood 

is  an  im- 
portant and  thriving  place;  in  a 
degree  as  seat  of  its  government,  a 
center  of  attraction  for  the  County 
of  San  Mateo.  The  name  is  a 
memory  of  pristine  days,  when  here 
and  mountainward  there  was  a 
fine  forest  of  redwoods  (sequoia 
sempervirens). 

MENLO  PARK— ,V.  O.,  2456  miles. 

From  an  artistic  standpoint, 
Menlo  Park  is  the  highest  expres- 
sion of  rural  beauty  to  be  found  in 
a  reach  covering  fifty  miles  of  it.  It 
occupies  an  oak-wooded  natural 
park;  on  the  one  side  the  placid 
waters  of  San  Francisco  Bay,  and 
on  the  other  San  Moreno  Mountains 
(a  northerly  spur  of  beauty-creating 
Santa  Cruz  Range),  here,  to  keep 
"  watch  and  ward  "  against  any  un- 
kindly message  from  the  Pacific. 

This  park  is  a  popular  country 
residence  place,  wherein  nature  with 
lavish  hand  has  set  up  10,000  um- 
brageous shrines  for  Druid's  wor- 
ship; massive  oaks,  draped  not  in 
funereal  lichen,  but  festive  mistletoe 
crowned,  suggesting  and  inviting 
the  golden  sickle  for  Whitsun  and 
Yuletide  sylvan  mysteries. 

Of  general  interest,  the  most  re- 
cent event  at  Menlo  Park  is  the 
opening  of  St.  Patrick's  Theological 


Union  Ferry  Depot,  San  Francisco 
S.  K  Ferry  Steamer  "Berkeley" 


Transfer  boat  '-Sola 


Seminary,    for     education    of    candidates    for     the     Roman     Catholic 
priesthood. 

Another  acquisition  on  educational  side,  is  Hoitts'  School  for 
Boys,  transferred  from  its  original  location  at  Burlingame,  with  mani- 
fest advantage  to  teachers  and  to  pupils.  Shade  for  the  studious 
not  wanting  at  either  place,  but  that  of  Menlo  Park  is  most  academic. 

PALO  ALTO—  V  a,  2455  miles. 

Leland  Stanford  Junior  University 

Ma\ field — N.  O.,  2454  miles.      A  valued  tributary  to  Leland  Stanford  Junior  University. 
Mountain  Vievv — N.  O.,  2449  miles.     A  picturesque  city. 
Miirphys — X.  O.,  2446  miles.      Umbrageous  in  native  oaks. 
Lawrence — X.   O.,   2445   miles.         Rich   in  varied  agriculture. 

Santa   Clara— X.  O.,  2441  miles.      Seat   of  University  of  the  Pacific  and  home  of  refine- 
ment and  beauty. 

Palo  Alto  is,  on  all  accounts,  a  charming  place  for  residence,  with 
social  atmosphere  of  the  best.  Its  advantages  are  so  many,  and  of 
such  high  intrinsic  value,  the  present  municipality  is  likely  to  broaden 
into  city  conditions. 

More  than  a  passing  view  must  be  had  of  Leland  Stanford  Junior 
University,  that  is,  and  is  to  be,  a  most  important  factor  in  .the  welfare 
of  our  race.  With  exceeding  depth  and  breadth  of  wisdom  were  its 
foundations  laid,  when  it  was  ordained  that  without  sectarian  bias 
its  teachings  should  point  to  an  over-ruling  Providence  that  guides 
the  affairs  of  men.  With  marvelous  patience  and  self-denial  has  the  sur- 
viving founder  pursued  her  creative  way,  as  revealed  at  its  inception. 

The  situation  itself  and  the  natural  environments  are  ideal  for  a  great 
university.  Academic  shade,  the  wrork  of  centuries;  not  far  to  seek,  oak 
and  laurel  for  the  victorious;  umbrageous  paths  and  mountain  glens  for 
thought  incubation  and  self-communings;  and  for  the  housing,  what 
more  fitting  than  the  Hispano-Moorish,  around  which  clings  so  much  of 
classical,  of  sacred  and  romantic  interest,  a  style  pre-eminently  suited  to 
the  occasion  and  its  surroundings.  The  library — great,  on  the  day  of  its 
birth,  and  fore-ordained  fountain  to  be  drawn  upon  by  light-seeking 
millions,  yet  to  come;  the  instructive  museum  and  varied  treasures 
should  be  seen;  dormitories,  annexes  and  halls  to  be  visited;  "power- 
house "  inspected,  and  the  equine  stalls  and  paddocks  and  "youngster" 
training  rings  examined  (education  for  all  God's  creatures);  in  their 
beautiful  flying  feet  the  prototype  of  Moorish  arch. 

But  after  all,  what  more  than  incidents  are  these,  when  compared  with 
the  earnest  throng,  that  on  every  hand  gives  animation  to  the  scene. 

No  one  can  fail  with  reverent  mien  to  approach  the  sacred  classical 
pile,  containing  all  that  is  mortal  of  Leland  Stanford,  and  of  the  son  in 
memory  of  whom  this  University  was  created;  a  shrine  of  benedic- 
tion, to  be  visited  so  long  as  gratitude  appreciates  the  blessings  of 
human  love. 

SAN  JOSE— N.  O.,  2438  miles. 

Beautiful,  bountiful,  pomonal  San  Jose;  come  whosoever  or  whatso- 
ever will,  ahungered  for  fruits  or  flowers,  the  waiting  tables  are  spread  for 


expected  guests;   none   so  humble 
there  shall  be  vain  appeal. 

Bright-winged  ephemeral  thou- 
sands, with  span  of  life  a  single 
hour,  shall  have  it  glorified  by  sun- 
shine and  floral  sweets.  The  pass- 
i  n  g  song-bird  regales  itself  on 
honeyed  fruit  and  repays  an  hun- 
dred fold  in  wrarbling  trills;  and 
homeless,  self-banished  biped  wan- 
derer (certainly  a  little  lower  than 
the  angels)  may  pluck  and  eat, 
and  go  his  shambling,  thankless 
way,  grateful  neither  to  God  nor 
man,  in  fundamental  faith,  the 
world  owes  him  a  living.  Toll  tak- 
ings such  as  these  are  unconsidered 
gleanings  from  a  frugiferous  har- 
vest, that  is  practically  exhaustless. 

A  few  years  ago,  when  a  session 
of  the  National  Grange  was  held  in 
California,  Governor  Luce  of  Michi 
gan,  its  then  official  head,  was  en- 
tertained by  visit  to  the  fruit  district 
of  Santa  Clara  Valley.  The  inspec- 
tion progressed  favorably  until  a 
place  was  reached  where  the  vistas 
between  tree-rows  ended  in  a  nebu- 
lous vanishing  point. 

The  Governor  made  sure  his 
vision  was  not  in  fault,  and  then 
asked,  "How  long  are  these 
rows  ?  "  The  answer  was  in  miles — 
and  he  affirmed  the  combined  fruit- 
growing world  could  not  compete 
with  prolific  trees  aligned  by  the 
mile. 

It  is  no  fulsome  praise,  or  ex- 
aggerated boast,  to  say  that  in  fruit 
production,  when  quantity,  quality 
and  variety  are  considered,  San 
Jose  leads  in  triumphal  march. 

On  social  side,  it  is  emphatically 
a  home  city;  almost  every  dwelling 
floral  framed,  and  that  too,  not 
only  in  choicest  native  bloom,  but 
freely  also  in  rare  efflorescence, 
that  in  less  favored  places  would 
be  exhibition  hothouse  exotics. 


Lick  Statuary,  San  Francisco 
Conservatory,  Golden  Gate  Park,  San  Francisco 
Francis  Scott  Key  Monument,  Golden  (Jute  Park   8   F 
Stow  Lake,  Golden  Gate  Park,  San  Francisco 


These  displays  are  not  limited  to  multi-millionaires,  but  are  the  abun- 
dant heritage  of  labor. 

Theorists  talk  much  of  environmental  influence,  affirming  a  marked 
difference  in  culture  that  evolves  itself  from  pig-raising,  and  that  of  fruit 
and  flowers;  with  deductions,  that  manners  to  be  expected  at  the  stye 
would  be  misfit  in  aromatic  berry  fields. 

The  social  atmosphere  of  San  Jose  meets  all  theoretical  requirements, 
its  standards  of  education  and  religion  are  elevated,  the  seed-time  of 
them  antedating  current  history. 

Santa  Clara  College,  established  and  promoted  by  the  Catholic 
Church,  carries  on  its  alumni  rolls  the  names  of  many  who  have  been, 
and  are,  valued  factors  in  State  history  making;  and  the  same  is  true 
also  of  University  of  the  Pacific  (in  near-by  Santa  Clara),  founded  in 
pioneer  days,  by  Methodist  Episcopal  Church. 

These  two  colleges,  sustained  at  great  personal  sacrifice  of  time  and 
treasure  by  their  friends  during  a  protracted  period,  have  proven  a  large 
element  in  popular  uplifting. 

It  should  be  known  that  Santa  Clara  College  is  sequel  to  famed 
Mission  Santa  Clara,  founded  January  12,  1777.  At  one  time  its  wor- 
shiping congregation  of  Christianized  Indians  numbered  1464 — each  one 
of  them  all  known  to  the  priests,  and  of  record  by  baptismal  name; 
the  totals  were  8640.  Many  tourists  enjoy  a  visit  to  the  site,  aromatic 
of  self-sacrifice  and  demonstrations  of  Divine  love. 

Supplemental  to  these  colleges,  the  State  has  established  a  valuable 
Normal  School,  that  has  proven  of  priceless  worth  in  its  educational 
plans;  and,  in  preparatory  way  to  these  broader  benefits,  San  Jose  has 
an  admirable,  closely  graded  school  system,  open  to  all  who  can  be 
induced  to  accept  its  bounty,  free  as  air  that  envelopes  the  earth. 

On  higher  line  (4250  feet  above  sea  level),  crowning  summit  of  Mount 
Hamilton,  is  Lick  Observatory — twenty-eight  miles  from  San  Jose. 

Here,  through  the  great  telescope,  one's  vision  can  make  transit  of 
outer  ether,  covering  fields  occupied  by  thousands  of  solar  systems,  equal 
to  and  superior  to  our  own;  and  when  we  are  overwhelmed  by  this  hint 
merely,  of  nature's  material  immensity  with  unfeigned  humility  of  spirit, 
whisper — "  What  is  man,  that  thou  art  mindful  of  him?  " 

From  cars  of  Southern  Pacific  Company's  railway  line,  and  as  well 
from  San  Jose,  the  Observatory  glints  as  a  silvered  spot  on  summit  of  the 
mountain. 

The  city  of  San  Jose  can  be  reached  by  two  other  railway  lines,  also 
belonging  to  Southern  Pacific  Company,  to-wit :  a  broad  gauge,  via 
Oakland  and  Niles,  and  a  narrow  gauge,  via  Alameda  and  Santa  Clara. 
Both  are  served  by  ferry  from  foot  of  Market  Street,  San  Francisco. 

Broad  Gauge. 
MARKET  STREET  FERRY. 

Oakland  Pier—S.  F.,  5  miles.  Howards— S.  F.,  21  miles. 

West  Oakland— S.  F.,  6  miles.  Decoto—S.   F.,   27  miles.      Near   Decoto  the 

East  Oakland— $>.  F.,  10  miles.  Grand  Lodge  of  Free  and  Accepted  Masons 

Fruitvale — S.  F.,  11  miles.  has  a  fine  home  for  aged  fraters  and  their 

San  Leandro — S.  F.,  16  miles.  wives. 

Lorenzo — S.  F.,  18  miles. 


NILES— S.  F.,  30  miles. 

Irvington — S.  F.,  34  miles. 
Warm  Springs — S.  F.,  37  miles. 
Mi Ip  it  as— S.  F.,  42  miles. 

Niles  is  famed  for  flower  culture, 
fruit  tree  nurseries  and  orchards. 
The  railway  line  bifurcates  here, 
the  left-hand  one  (to  be  noted  here- 
after in  connection  with  lines  to 
Stockton  and  San  Joaquin  Valley), 
and  the  right-hand  one  leads  to 
San  Jose. 

Narrow  Gauge. 

The  third  line,  constructed  be- 
tween the  two  broad  gauge  ones,  is 
a  narrow  gauge,  leaving  San  Fran- 
cisco, also  from  foot  of  Market 
Street,  and  via  ferry  to  Alameda, 
thence  to  Santa  Cruz,  with  San 
Jose  for  midway  point. 

Alameda  Wharf— S.  F.,  3  miles. 

Park  Street— S.  F.,  9  miles. 

West  San  Leandro — S.  F  .,  15  miles. 

West  San  Lorenzo — S.  F.,  17  miles. 

Russells—'s.  F.,  19  miles. 

Mt.  Eden—S.  F.,  20  miles. 

Alvarado — S.   F.,  24  miles.     Alvarado  has 

an  important  beet  sugar  factory. 
Halls— S.  F..  25  miles. 
Newark— $.  F.,  29  miles. 
Mbwry's—S.  F.,  32  miles. 
Alviso — S.  F.,  38  miles. 
Agnews — S.  F.,  41  miles.     Agnews  is  seat  of 

one  of  California's  insane  asylums. 
Santa  Clara—?).  F.,  44  miles. 
College  Park — S.  F.,  45  miles. 

The  narrow  gauge,  last  noted,  ex- 
tends to  the  ocean  side  at  Santa 
Cruz,  and,  in  so  doing,  traverses  a 
most  romantic  mountain  region,  the 
constant  resort  of  those  who  can 
enjoy  the  large  measure  of  scenic 
beauties  it  has  to  offer. 

It  should  be  noted  that  the  dis- 
tance to  San  Jose  from  San  Fran- 
cisco, by  the  Palo  Alto  broad 
gauge  line,  is  50.7  miles,  but  by  the 
narrow  gauge  it  is  46.2,  a  differ- 
ence of  4^  miles.  This  will  ex- 
plain why  Campbells,  that  lies 
beyond  San  Jose,  is  made  to  appear 


On  the  Road  to  lack  Observatory 
lack  Observatory,  Mt.  Hamilton 
Stanford  University 
Burlingame 


10 

CAMPBELLS— 5.  F.,5o  miles. 

From  Campbells  a  narrow  gauge  line  runs  to  New  Almaden,  as  follows  : 

L.  G.  &  S.J.  Road—S.  F.,  52  miles.  Almaden  Crossing—  S.  F.,  59  miles. 

Union  Avenue — S.  F.,  53  miles.  New  Almaden — S.  F.,  61  miles.     New  Alma- 

Le  Francs — S.  F.,  55  miles.  -         den    has  a  quicksilver    production   record 

Thona—S.  F.,  56  miles.  that  may  challenge  successful  competition. 

At  Campbells,  and  as  well  along  this  line  last  noted,  fruit  growing 
has  found  its  home. 

LOS  GATOS— S.  F.,  56  miles. 

This  picturesque  town  is  able  to  offer  the  dual  attractions  of  mountain 
and  valley,  and  is  the  resort  of  many  appreciative  visitors. 

PACIFIC  CONGRESS  SPRINGS. 

A  short  and  romantic  drive  from   Los   Gatos 

^Vl^-smF.%2  miles.  reaches  the  long-time-famed  Pacific  Congress 
Wrights— $>.  F.,  63  miles.  Springs.  In  its  waters  the  chemists  "ides" 

Laurel— s.  F.,  65  miles.  and  "  ates  "  are  duly  proportioned;  and  of  or- 

ganic matter,  "not  a  trace"  (no  flies  in  the 

laboratory),  showing  beyond  a  peradventure  that  nature,  when  in  pacific 
mood  and  generous,  can  do  the  fair  thing  and  something  better.  Of 
this  the  waters  of  Congress  Springs  are  in  evidence.  The  hotel  is  in 
line  with  them. 

GUADALUPE  RIVER. 

At  San  Jose,  and  in  the  suburbs  near  the  narrow  gauge  line,  via  Camp- 
bells and  Los  Gatos,  the  Guadalupe  River  will  be  seen.  It  drains  the 
mountains  about  New  Almaden,  and  on  its  banks  Mission  Santa  Clara 
was  founded. 

GLENWOOD— S.  F.,  66  miles. 

Good  fortune,  materializing  as 'a  railway  company,  has  led  you  into 
the  marvelous  penetralia  of  Santa  Cruz  Mountains;  their  untold  treasures 
of  trees  and  ferns  and  flowers  are  before  you. 

To  Glen  wood,  Laurel  and  Wrights,  and  to  newly  discovered  homes  of 
the  wood  nymphs,  concealed  from  careless  vision,  thousands  make  annual 
pilgrimage  as  votaries  to  a  shrine. 

FELTON— S.  F.,  74  miles. 

From  Felton  a  branch  line  to  Ben  Lomond 

FMe^r f-^F  8Q  miles.  and  Boulder  Creek,  seven  miles  in  length, 

Boulder  Creek— s.  F.,  81  miles,  leads  through  a  most  romantic  section,  and 

is  also  in  close  relation  to  the  celebrated 

hotel  and  resort,  Rowardennan,  occupying  a  picturesque  spot  at  base  of 
Ben  Lomond. 

BIG  TREES— S.  F.y  75  miles. 

Rincon—^.  F.,  77  miles.    The  Bi£  Trees  are  five  miles  from  Santa  Cruz,  and 

a  stop  must  be  made  for  their  examination.     They 

are  sequoia  sempervirens  (redwood),  and  belong  to  a  class  that  has  been, 


and  still  is,  a  large  factor  in  the 
lumber  interest  of  the  Pacific  Coast. 
These  are  giants.  Some  of  them, 
as  they  stand,  have  hollows  at  their 
base  equal  to  the  temporary  hous- 
ing of  a  family.  Shelter  within  one 
of  them  was  sought  by  Fremont 
before  we  sang  "  Days  of  old,  days 
of  gold,  days  of  '49." 

SAN  LORENZO  RIVER, 

with  drainage  from  Santa  Cruz 
Mountain  Range,  borders  the  city, 
and  ends  at  the  bay. 

MISSION  SANTA  CRUZ. 

This  mission,  whose  site  is  within 
the  municipality,  was  founded  by 
Fathers  Salazar  and  Lopez,  on  the 
twenty-fifth  of  September,  1791. 
The  church  long  since  passed  into 
history. 

SANTA    CRUZ  —  S.    F.,    Broad 

Gauge,    121    miles ;    Na  rrow 

Gauge,  80  miles. 

This  is  a  delightful  spot  for  recre- 
ation and  for  rest.  Deep-water 
fishing  in  the  bay  is  always  good, 
and  upon  occasion  the  successes 
in  salmon  taking  are  phenomenal. 
Bathing  and  suburban  drives  are 
sources  of  endless  pleasure.  The 
tourist  will  be  interested  to  know 
that  provisions  for  his  entertain- 
ment are  bound  by  no  narrow 
limits.  Sea  Beach  Hotel,  Ocean 
House  and  others  are  ready  to  sup- 
ply every  reasonable  want. 

Santa  Cruz  Mountain  Range  at 
the  east. 

For  convenience  of  travelers,  the 
line  (broad  gauge)  from  Santa  Cruz 
to  junction  of  main  transcontinental 
line  at  Pajaro  will  be  here  intro- 
duced. It  closely  follows  the  shore 
of  ^  the  Bay,  and  reveals  many 
points  of  interest. 

Twin  Lakes— S.  F.,  119  miles. 
Capitola—B.  F.,  116  miles. 


Santa  Cruz  Big  Trees 
Santa  Cruz  Mountains 
Los  Gatos  Canyon 
Hotel  Vendome,  San  Joa 


APT08— S.  F.,  1 13  miles. 

Aptos,  Capitola  and  Twin  Lakes  are  attractive  seaside  resorts  along 
the  beach  of  Bay  of  Monterey.  They  are  much  in  request  for  season 
use  by  families,  and  have  a  growing  list  of  transient  visitors. 

Ellicott—S.  F.,  107  miles. 

WATSONVILLE— S.  F.,  102  miles. 

The  thrift  and  enterprise  of  Watson ville  are  proverbial;  its  most  notable 
feature,  a  successful  beet  sugar  factory  that  gives  its  promoters  a  golden 
harvest  each  recurring  season.  Pajaro  and  the  main  line  are  one  mile 
distant;  to  be  noted  later. 

Resuming,  now,  the  main  line,  left  by  us  at  San  Jose,  we  have 

HILLSDALE— N.  <9.,  2433  miles. 

From   Hillsdale   a    branch  line,    eight   miles 

AlamttoS—S.  F.t  5Q  miles.  Irmcr     r^arh^ic  NV\v   AlmaH^n 

Greystone-S.  F.,  61  miles.  3"S»  «   l(;ftes  WCW  Aimaaen. 

New  Aimaden—s.  F.,  63  miles.         Hillsdale   is   a    five-mile-distant   suburb   of 
San    Jose,    and   a   valuable    adjunct    to   that 

metropolis.  The  north-flowing  stream,  that  from  time  to  time  reveals 
itself  to  the  train,  is  Coyote  Creek. 

Coyote— N.  O.,  2426  miles. 
Morgan  ffill—N.  O.,  2418  miles. 
San  Martin— -N.  O.,  2414  miles. 

GILROY— N.  (9.,  2408  miles. 

Gilroy  is  a  city  of  local  importance,  and  the  point  where  stages  are 
taken  for  Gilroy  Hot  Springs,  fourteen  miles  distant.  These  springs 
have  acquired  a  fine  reputation  for  curative  properties. 

CARNADERO— N.  O.,  2406  miles. 

From  Carnadero  a  branch  line  extends  south- 

^HoiiisT^r-s  f  Smiles  easterly  to  Tres  Pinos,  eighteen  miles  distant. 

Tres  Pinos— S.  F.,  ioi  miles.      It  traverses  a  rich  fruit,  grain  and  grass  grow- 
ing country,  and  reveals  Hollister,  a  town  of 

more  than  average  value. 

SARGENT— TV.  O.,  2402  miles. 

Mission  San  Juan  Bautista.     %  a  sl?c?rt  carriage  drive  from  Sargent,  a  profit- 
able visit  can  be  made  to  the  city  of  San  Juan, 

and  its  historical  and  romantic  mission,  San  Juan  Bautista,  founded  by 
President  Lasuen  on  the  twenty-fourth  day  of  June,  1797.  The  fraters  of 
a  mystic  rite  celebrate  this  day  as  that  of  their  revered  patron.  The  mis- 
sion is  well  preserved,  and  you  should  give  it  an  opportunity  to  welcome 
your  inspection.  The  south-flowing  waters  are  tributary  to  Pajaro  River. 

PAJARO— A7:  <9.,  2389  miles. 

This  is  junction  point,  at  which  we  arrived  by  extension  of  the  trip  to 
Santa  Cruz.  The  valley  of  which  it  is  sponsor  carries  an  exhaustless  fertility, 
and  the  town  has  an  importance  that  is  not  revealed  by  a  careless  inspection. 


13 


In  relation  to  it,  you  have  become 
acquainted  with  Pajaro  River,  a 
considerable  stream,  formed  by 
Carnadero  Creek  from  the  north, 
San  Benito  and  San  Felipe  from 
the  east,  and  Tres  Pinos  from  the 
south.  When  it  was  first  crossed 
by  white  men,  in  1769,  it  was 
named  Pajaro  (Spanish  for  bird), 
in  recognition  of  a  stuffed  bird 
exhibited  by  the  Indians. 

CASTROVILLE— N.  0^2378  miles. 

At  Castroville  an  important  arm 
of  Southern  Pacific  Company's 
lines  radiates  southward  at  an  acute 
angle,  with  view  to  reach  Hotel  del 
Monte,  Monterey  and  Pacific 
Grove. 

It  will  be  the  notable  experience 
of  a  lifetime  to  make  this  trip. 

MONTEREY— S.  F.,  126  miles. 

Within  a  circle  of  six  miles  about 
Monterey  are  more  objects  of 
sacred,  historic,  romantic  and  scenic 
interest  than  can  be  found  within 
any  other  similar  area  in  California; 
and  are  happily  included  in  the 
famous  sixteen-mile  drive  from 
Hotel  del  Monte. 

Along  these  shores  Cabrillo 
coasted  in  1542,  and  November  15th 
named  the  land-fall  "  Cabo  de 
Pinos"  and  the  sheltered  waters 
"Bahia  de  las  Pinos."  In  1603 
Sebastian  Vizcaino  discovered  Car- 
mel  River  on  the  fourteenth  of 
December,  and  on  the  sixteenth 
rounded  Punta  de  Pinos  and  landed 
at  Monterey.  In  1770,  June  3d  (not 
30th,  as  frequently  quoted),  Juni- 
pero  Serra  founded  Mission  San 
Carlos  Borromeo,  on  a  spot  near 
the  beach  within  the  limits  of  the 
present  municipality,  but  a  short 
time  subsequently  transferred  it 
five  miles  easterly  to  the  bank  of 
Carmel  River.  The  ancient  church 


in  city  of  Monterey,  is   a   parish   church   merely,  and  not  San   Carlos 
Mission,  nor  ever  was. 

MISSION  SAN  CARLOS  BORROMEO. 

Under  renovation  this  mission  retains  its  original  lines.  The  ashes  of 
Serra  and  some  of  the  fraters  loved  by  him,  including  Crespi  (the  brother 
of  his  soul),  repose  beneath  the  altar;  and  the  form  of  worship  he  estab- 
lished one  hundred  and  thirty  years  ago  still  continues,  in  celebration  of 
high  mass  once  each  year.  A  monument  to  his  memory,  the  gift  of  Mrs. 
Leland  Stanford,  occupies  a  commanding  place  in  the  city  suburbs,  over- 
looking the  bay. 

POINT  PINOS  AND  ITS  MONTEREY  CYPRESS. 

This  matchless,  ocean-washed,  rock-bound  landscape  must  be  visited 
to  be  understood.  Small  wonder  it  was  loved  of  the  Fathers  and  named 
Carmel.  It  has  an  aroma  of  Palestine. 

PACIFIC  GROVE— S.  F.,  129  miles. 

Pacific  Grove,  in  its  popularity  as  a  seaside  resort,  has  grown  apace 
until  the  measure  of  a  city  has  been  reached.  Its  physical  and  moral 
purity  commend  it  to  all  lovers  of  those  graces,  and  each  successive  sea- 
son increasing  thousands  flock  to  its  enjoyment. 

Chautauqua  holds  educational  sessions  at  Pacific  Grove,  and  the  same 
is  true  of  the  annual  conferences  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church. 
At  one  of  its  recent  sessions,  when,  according  to  custom,  the  roll  was 
being  called  for  votes  on  the  place  of  next  assembling,  it  was  unanimous 
for  Pacific  Grove.  The  presiding  bishop,  before  announcing  the  result, 
gravely  said  :  "I  wish  I  had  a  vote;  I  would  like  to  give  it  to  Pacific 
Grove."  It  is  a  popular  place  of  meeting  for  most  of  the  religious  and 
social  bodies  of  the  State. 

Leland  Stanford  Junior  University,  through  the  public  spirit  of  Mr. 
Timothy  Hopkins,  has  its  marine  laboratory  in  touch  with  the  prolific 
waters  of  Pacific  Grove.  The  work  of  this  department  of  the  University 
takes  deservedly  high  rank  in  educational  circles. 

HOTEL  DEL  MONTE. 

An  unspeakable  gem,  in  an  umbrageous  and  floral  setting,  that 
baffles  the  descriptive  powers  of  poesy  or  prose. 

Would  you  see  what  is  possible  of  achievement  when  art  and  nature 
cooperate?  Then  visit  Hotel  del  Monte. 

The  hotel  and  all  the  improvements  are  in  such  artistic  harmony  with 
each  other  and  with  the  matchless  work  of  nature  in  which  they  are 
placed,  that  any  approach  to  discord  is  unknown.  Kings  and  statesmen 
are  of  record  in  its  exaltation,  and  poetic  measures  have  been  offered  in 
tribute  to  it.  Nothing  has  ever  been  said  of  it  that  leaves  not  the  major 
part  unsaid.  The  most  compressed  laudation  is  that  of  one  who  wrote  : 
"  If  the  traveler  has  only  time  to  see  one  place  in  California,  let  that  be 
Hotel  del  Monte,  for  it  is  the  best  of  its  kind." 

Returning  now  from  this  instructive  and  satisfying  divergence,  at 
Castroville  we  resume  the  transcontinental  trip. 


Cooper— -N.  O.,  2375  miles. 

SALINAS— N.  O.,  ^7 

Salinas  is  a  large  and  prosperous 
place,  with  commercial  and  social 
influence  over  a  wide  circle  of  sur- 
rounding country. 

SPRECKELS   JUNCTION  —  N.    O., 

2368  miles. 

Three  miles  distant,  to  be  cov- 
ered by  branch  rail,  is  located  the 
mammoth  beet  sugar  enterprise  of 
Mr.  Claus  Spreckels. 

Chualar—N.  O.,  2360  miles. 
Gonzales—N.  O.,  2354  miles. 

80LEDAD— N.  O.,  2345  miles. 

At  Soledad,  on  the  ninth  day 
of  October,  1791,  the  Mission  of 
Nuestra  Senora  de  la  Soledad  was 
founded  by  Fathers  Sitjar  and 
Garcia.  Antiquarian  and  sacred 
interest  attaches  to  its  remaining 
walls.  The  ruins  are  hardly  more 
than  ruins,  but  are  still  visited  by 
the  curious  and  reverent. 

PARAISO  HOT  SPRINGS. 

These  well-known  and  popular 
springs  are  reached  by  "  coach  and 
four "  out  of  Soledad  within  the 
space  of  one  hour  and  a  half.  The 
waters  are  the  best  the  heart  of 
Sierra  Santa  Lucia  can  distil,  and 
the  surroundings  restful  to  a  degree 
hardly  to  be  believed. 

SALINAS  RIVER. 

This  stream  has  been  closely  fol- 
lowed by  the  train,  since  its  first 
sight  at  Santa  Margarita.  We  cross 
it  at  Spence.  By  the  Fathers,  it 
was  originally  called  "  Riode  Santa 
Delfina." 

Co&urn—N.  O.,  2339  miles. 

KINGS  CITY— N.  O.,  2325  miles. 

Westward  from  Kings  City,  and 
not  far  distant,  are  the  sightly  ruins 


of  Mission  San  Antonio  de  Padua,  founded  July  14,  1771,  by  Serra, 
assisted  by  Fathers  Pieras  and  Sitjar.  It  was  located  on  the  Arroyo 
Seco,  an  affluent  of  the  Salinas. 

The  bells  were  hung  to  the  branches  of  a  sturdy  oak  and  loudly  tolled ; 
the  while,  Father  Serra,  overflowing  with  a  missionary  zeal  that  glowed 
within  him,  shouted  like  a  madman  :  "  Come,  gentiles,  come  to  the  holy 
church;  come  and  receive  the  faith  of  Jesus  Christ."  This,  until  Father 
Pieras  reminded  the  enthusiast:  "No  gentile  is  within  hearing;  stop 
that  noise  and  go  to  work."  Here  is  spiritual  kinship  to  David  dancing 
before  the  Lord  at  the  ark. 

San  Lucas— N.  O.,  2315  miles. 
San  Ardo—N.  O.,  2306  miles. 
Bradley—^.  O.,  2293  miles. 

SAN  MIGUEL— Ar.  0.,  2281  miles. 

On  the  twenty-fifth  of  July,  1797,  at  this  place,  President  Lasuen,  the 
successor  of  Serra,  founded  the  Mission  of  San  Miguel.  The  walls  now 
seen  by  you  from  the  car  windows  are  the  work  of  saints  and  pagans, 
more  than  one  hundred  years  ago.  Father  Lasuen,  in  the  record  of 
foundation  day,  says  :  "A  great  multitude  of  gentiles  (Indians)  of  both 
sexes  and  all  ages,  whose  pleasure  and  rejoicing  exceeded  our  desires," 
were  interested  spectators  of  the  sacred  act.  Fifteen  children  were  bap- 
tized on  the  day  of  foundation.  Three  years  later  the  total  number  was  385. 

As  noted  under  subheading  "  Santa  Ysabel  Hot  Springs,"  the  prudent 
Fathers  insured  a  valuable  domestic  water  supply,  by  a  ten-mile  conduit 
from  the  springs  of  Santa  Ysabel. 

Longevity  due  to  air  and  water. 

The  death  rate  at  Mission  San  Miguel  was  less  than  at  any  other 
mission,  San  Luis  Rey  excepted. 

PASO  ROBLES— A'.  O.,  2272  miles. 

At  Paso  Robles  and  vicinity  are  located  some  of  the  most  valued 
thermal  springs  of  California.  One  hundred  and  fifty  years  ago  the 
invalid  white  was  guided  by  the  red  man  to  these  springs  as  to  a  fountain 
of  life.  During  the  last  half  century  they  have  been  successfully  tested 
in  the  relief  and  cure  of  thousands.  Entertainment  for  visitors  is  abund- 
ant. Hotel  El  Paso  de  Robles,  leading  in  modern  sumptuousness, 
stands  behind  a  floral  park,  near  to  and  facing  the  railway  depot.  The 
sanitary  side  of  Paso  Robles  is  an  incident  or  adjunct  only.  The  city  is 
full  of  commercial  life,  and  there  is  a  wide  reach  of  tributary  country  in 
richness  and  production  possibilities  not  excelled  elsewheie  in  the  State. 
Homes  await  those  who  seek  and  can  make  them.  Thousands  can  be 
located  with  certainty  of  success. 

SANTA  YSABEL  HOT  SPRINGS— N.  O.,  2272  miles. 

Across  the  Salinas  from  Paso  Robles  Station  is  the  scenic  and  sani- 
tarium resort,  known  of  the  fortunate  as  Santa  Ysabel  Hot  Springs. 
For  near-by  and  far-reaching  landscape  beauty,  the  scene  from  the  upper 
bluffs,  back  of  the  meadow  land,  has  no  peer  in  California;  and  a  bath 
in  champagne  could  hardly  be  more  sparkling  than  one  in  the  warm 


sulphurous  and  healing  waters  of  its 
magic  springs;  as  invigorating  to 
the  tired  body  as  Divine  favor  was 
to  the  Psalmist,  who  could  "run 
through  a  troop,  and  leap  over  a 
wall."  Let  it  be  noted  that  the 
ancient  line  of  aqueduct,  conveying 
these  waters  to  the  Mission  of  San 
Miguel,  ten  miles  away,  may  yet  be 
traced.  The  faithful  Fathers  dis- 
pensed spiritual  panaceas  for  the 
soul,  but  the  waters  of  Santa  Ysa- 
bel  were  for  physical  healing  of  the 
nation.  Here,  during  restful  drives 
and  walks,  may  be  heard  the 
whirring  wings  of  the  quail,  the 
cheering  notes  of  songsters,  and 
equine  and  bovine  beauty,  the 
guerdon  of  a  pilgrimage. 

TEMPLETON— N.  O.,  2267  miles. 

A  romantic  landscape,  with  an- 
cient church  ruins. 

SANTA  MARGARITA—A^.  <9.,  2253 

miles, 

En  route  southward  from  Santa 
Margarita,  across  a  spur  or  pass  of 
the  Santa  Lucia  Ran^e,  a  run  of 
sixteen  miles,  the  earlier  part  of  it 
through  a  most  restful  natural  park 
of  oaks,  leads  to  San  Luis  Obispo. 

SAN    LUIS   OBISPO— N.   O.,  2236 

miles. 

This  beautiful  city  may  well  be 
named  Obispo,  securely  resting  at 
base  of  its  mitred  mountain  peak. 
The  urban  site  proper  covers  a 
large  area,  with  noteworthy  public 
buildings,  for  uses  of  justice,  of 
worship  and  of  commerce.  Hotel 
Ramona,  in  touch  with  Southern 
Pacific  Company's  railway  line,  is 
a  noble  bid  by  the  owner  for  visi- 
tors from  afar.  Other  hotels  are 
by  no  means  wanting.  In  agricul- 
tural, home-making  way,  similarly 
to  Paso  Robles  and  much  of  the 
country  bordering  Salinas  River, 


Paso  Robles  Hotel 
Santa  Ysabel 
Prune  Orchard 
San  Miguel  Mission 


18 

San  Luis  Obispo  invites  immigration.  Earth,  air  and  sky  accent 
the  call;  lands  of  the  richest,  to  be  had  on  terms  most  favorable  to 
the  home-maker. 

MISSION  SAN  LUIS  OBISPO  DE  TOLOSA. 

In  the  very  heart  of  the  city  are  the  walls  and  the  altar  of  Mission  San 
Luis  Obispo  de.Tolosa,  consecrated  by  Serra  on  the  first  day  of  Septem- 
ber, 1772.  A  visit  to  it  should  be  a  benediction  to  all.  The  mountains 
belong  to  the  Santa  Lucia  Range.  Some  fine  scenery  and  notable  engi- 
neering was  enjoyed  on  the  elevated  portion  of  the  line  coming  from 
the  north. 

SANTA  MARIA  RIVER 

heads  in   San  Rafael  Range  of  mountains,  and 

OceS^T^'o33^ miles     empties  into  the  ocean  near  Guadalupe.    It  is  the 
largest  river  in  the  region  drained  by  it. 

GUADALUPE— A.  6>.,  2212  miles. 

Guadalupe  is  a  bright,  attractive  town,  pleasing  to  every  cultivated 
sense. 

CasmaZia—N.  <X  2201  miles. 
Antonio— -N.  O.,  2198  miles. 
Xarlon—y..  O.,  2195  miles. 

JESUS  MARIA  RIVER 

reaches  the  ocean  near  Casmalia. 

SANTA  YNEZ  RIVER 

heads  in  Santa  Ynez  Mountains,  and  finds  the  ocean  near  Tangair. 

TANG  AIR— Ar.  0.,  2191  miles. 

SURF— A7:  0.,  2185  miles. 

The  coast  country  traversed  by  the  train  from  San  Luis  Obispo  to 
Surf  is  of  very  productive  quality,  abounding  in  rich  grass  lands  for  graz- 
ing and  for  varied  agriculture,  with  emphasis  on  sugar  beets. 

Branch  Line— Surf  to  Lompoc. 

LOMPOC— 5.  F.,  313  miles. 

This  beautiful  city  is  reached  by  a  branch  railway  line  from  Surf;  the 
distance,  ten  miles.  The  climate  is  a  golden  mean  between  seaside  and 
valley;  it  is  one  of  the  richest  and  most  salubrious  places  in  California; 
the  tributary  country  of  surpassing  fertility,  and  municipal  organization, 
more  than  most  urban  places,  stands  for  purity  and  sobriety.  Hotel 
accommodations  are  abundant,  and  suited  to  varying  tastes.  Within  the 
city  limits  are  ruins  of  the  first  La  Purisima  Concepcion  Mission 
(destroyed  by  earthquake  in  1812);  and  about  five  miles  distant  are  the 
remains  of  the  second  mission. 


19 


MISSION    PURISIMA   CONCEP- 
CION. 

The  location  of  Mission  Purisima 
Concepcion,  also  near  Santa  Ynez 
River,  is  about  five  miles  northerly 
from  Lompoc,  and  was  founded 
December  8,  1787,  by  President 
Lasuen.  Originally  at  Lompoc,  it 
was  destroyed  by  the  earthquakes 
of  1812,  and  rebuilt  at  present  loca- 
tion across  the  river.  It  has  been  so 
far  seen,  and  will  continue  to  be,  that 
starting  with  the  missionary  fathers 
at  San  Diego,  these  railway  lines 
follow  their  mission-planting  foot- 
steps for  more  than  six  hundred 
miles,  revealing  to  the  traveler  each 
romantic  spot,  until  the  twenty-first, 
and  last  one,  is  found  in  Mission 
San  Francisco  Solano  at  Sonoma. 
The  original  mission,  earthquake 
ruined,  is  in  suburbs  of  Lompoc. 

Surf  to  Santa  Barbara. 

Arguello—N.  O.,  2176  miles. 
Concepcion— -N.  O.,  2163  miles. 
Gaviota—N.  O.,  2149  miles. 
Naples— N.  O.,  2133  miles. 
Elwood—N.  O.,  2129  miles. 
Goleta—N.  O.,  2125  miles. 
Santa  Barbara— -N.  O.,  2119  miles. 

The  ocean-line  distance  from  Surf 
to  Santa  Barbara  is  sixty-six  miles. 
For  most  part  the  track  occupies 
a  substantial  buttress  of  Santa  Ynez 
Mountain  Range,  with  sufficient 
elevation  to  give  commanding 
views  of  Santa  Barbara  Channel 
and  of  the  chain  of  romantic  isl- 
ands that  marks  its  outer  limits. 
Of  these  San  Miguel,  the  most 
northern,  holds  the  ashes  of  Juan 
Rodriguez  Cabrillo,  who  was 
buried  here  on  the  third  day  of 
January,  1543.  Then  follow  in 
due  sequence  southeasterly,  Santa 
Rosa,  Santa  Cruz  and  Anacapa. 
This  coast  railway  line  of  Southern 
Pacific  Company  rests  on  classic 
and  romantic  ground;  was  first 


San  Luis  Obispo 
Surf 

Gaviota  Pass 
Santa  Ynez  Range 


20 

traced  by  the  sandaled  feet  of  Juan  Crespi,  the  path-finder  of  Junipero 
Serra,  and  became  a  notable  section  of  El  Camino  Real  (the  royal 
way),  connecting  the  first  mission  at  San  Diego  with  the  last  one  in 
Sonoma  at  the  north.  Over  this  line,  at  intervals,  the  train  will  cross 
ponderous  viaducts  of  steel,  spanning  barrancas,  deeply  chiseled  by 
mountain  streams,  the  work  of  untold  centuries.  Downward  looking 
through  topmost  tree  boughs  you  shall  see  fields  and  farmsteads, 
orchards  and  gardens,  homes  of  happiness  and  hamlets  of  content. 
Such,  on  one  side  the  train;  on  the  other,  an  ocean  waterway,  blue  as  the 
heavens  it  supports,  accented,  it  may  be,  here  and  there  by  cetaceans, 
by  leaping  tunas,  or  by  the  winged  frequenters  of  saline  waters;  and 
argosies,  messengers  of  commerce,  canvas  and  steam  propelled,  and, 
upon  occasion,  a  grim  battle-ship  flying  the  flag  of  our  country,  and 
under  official  inspection,  speeding  on  its  crucial  trial  trip.  Gaviota  (sea- 
gull) will  be  marked  by  you  as  the  point  where  sandaled  feet  perforce 
had  to  leave  the  beach  and  seek  a  passage  the  rocks  have  not  denied 
you,  at  Points  Concepcion  and  Arguello.  Naples  will  be  passed  by  you, 
the  blue  waters  of  its  roadstead  revealing  the  genesis  of  its  baptismal 
name;  and,  not  far  distant,  a  noble,  cut-stone  church  will  tell  of  invisible 
worshipers,  dwelling  in  barranca  concealment,  for,  than  this  church,  no 
other  structure  is  in  sight. 

The  marvelous  fertility  of  the  lands  called  El  wood,  La  Patera  and 
Goleta  must  come  under  personal  inspection  to  be  taken  out  of  the  field 
of  romance. 

MISSION  SANTA  YNEZ. 

Across  the  Santa  Ynez  Range  from  Goleta,  seven  miles  from  Santa 
Barbara,  and  near  river  of  same  name,  September  17,  1804,  was  founded 
Santa  Ynez  Mission,  President  Tapis  officiating.  The  river  in  the  old 
records,  as  also  in  those  of  Mission  Purisima  Concepcion,  heretofore 
noticed,  was  called  Santa  Rosa,  but  subsequently  renamed  Santa  Ynez. 
The  interesting  remains  of  the  Mission  Santa  Ynez  are  near  town  of 
same  name. 

SANTA  BARBARA— N.  O.,  2118  miles. 

Santa  Barbara  is  a  large  city,  and  one  of  the  most  attractive  in  Cali- 
fornia. There  is  a  wide  expanse  of  blue  channel  water  on  the  ocean  side, 
reaching  to  the  chain  of  islands  that  serve  as  breakwaters  to  waves  born 
of  Chinese  monsoons;  and,  in  the  background,  spurs  and  peaks  and 
bosky  glens  of  romantic  Santa  Ynez  Range,  and  the  far-reaching  Sierra 
de  San  Rafael.  The  city  has  an  unusually  delightful  country  tributary  to 
it;  valuable  not  less  for  its  ability  to  nourish  than  for  its  scenic  beauty. 

The  floral  carnivals  of  Santa  Barbara  may  stand  prophetic  of  its  har- 
vest homes;  they  may  be  feebly  imitated  by  the  ambitious,  but  not 
equaled  elsewhere  in  the  wide  world. 

If  possible  to  you  en  route,  stop  over  and  take  carriage  drives  through 
its  tributary  agricultural  lands — they  will  be  a  revelation  of  what  can  be 
garnered  when  soil  and  sunshine  and  water  combine  to  make  a  record. 
The  traveler  should  know  of  the  broad  welcome  and  proverbial  comforts 


of  Arlington  Hotel;  and,  that 
choice  may  not  be  wanting,  the 
Mascarel,  the  Raffnour  and  New 
Morris. 

MISSION  SANTA  BARBARA,  VIR- 
GIN Y  MARTYR. 

This  is  one  of  the  best  preserved 
of  California's  missions;  was 
founded  December  4,  1786,  is  with- 
in the  city  limits,  and  may  be  easily 
reached  by  street  car  lines,  or  by 
delightful  pedestrianism.  Prayer 
at  its  altars,  since  first  established, 
has  never  ceased. 

SUMMERLAND— N.  O.,  2111  miles. 
Summerland  (until  in  an  evil 
hour  for  its  claims  to  esthetic 
beauty,  but  happy  one  for  its  bank 
accounts,  underlying  oil  was  dis- 
covered) is  now  successfully  invad- 
ing the  adjacent  ocean  bed,  oil 
hunting. 

CARPINTERIA— N.  0.,  2106  miles. 

Carpinteria  (in  Spanish  tongue 
carpenter)  obtained  its  name  from 
Friar  Juan  Crespi  and  his  compan- 
ion pioneers,  in  August,  1769,  who 
found  the  Indians  engaged  in  such 
carpentry  as  may  be  needful  to 
change  the  bole  of  a  tree  into,  a 
canoe. 

SAN    BUENAVENTURA  —  ^,    0., 

2089  miles. 

This  is  a  charming  city,  its  foot 
laved  by  the  Pacific  and  its  shoul- 
ders well  against  the  uprising  moun- 
tain range  that  seems 'to  grudge  it 
needed  space.  The  location  re- 
ceived successive  and  admiring 
visits  from  the  advance  line  of 
Spanish  adventurers,  and  finally, 
on  the  thirty-first  of  March,  1782, 
Father  Serra  founded  the  Mission 
of  San  Buenaventura,  as  he  records, 
"Near  the  beach  and  adjoining  a 


General  View,  Santa  Barbara 
Santa  Barbara  Home 
Santa  Barbara  Beach 
Hollister  Avenue,  Santa  Barbai 


22 

native  town  of  conical  huts  of  tule  and  straw."  From  this  record  it 
will  be  an  easy  matter  to  locate  it,  even  now  after  the  lapse  of  more 
than  a  century.  The  city  is  a  place  of  popular  resort,  with  ample 
accommodation  for  all,  Hotels  Rose  and  Anacapa  in  the  lead.  The 
island  visible  from  here  is  Anacapa,  the  smallest  of  the  Santa  Barbara 
Channel  group,  to  be  followed  northerly  in  due  sequence  by  Santa  Cruz, 
Santa  Rosa  and  San  Miguel. 

San  Buenaventura  produces  immense  crops  of  choice  apricots,  and  is 
by  no  means  wanting  in  other  fruits,  with  almonds,  English  walnuts  and 
broad  acres  of  Lima  beans.  Bordering  the  city  at  the  north  is  Buenaven- 
tura River,  by  some  map-makers  called  Matilija.  This  stream  heads  in, 
and  in  some  degree  drains,  the  celebrated  Ojai  Valley,  of  which  NordhofT 
is  the  best-known  town;  and  along  its  inviting  banks  from  San  Buenaven- 
tura has  been  constructed  a  fifteen-mile  branch  railway,  with  terminus  at 
Nordhoff.  The  buttressing  mountains  at  rear  of  San  Buenaventura,  and 
in  which  a  basin  has  been  molded  to  create  Ojai  Valley,  are  of  the  Sierra 
de  San  Rafael  Range. 

Nordhoff—  From  San  Buenaventura  15  miles. 

MONTALVO— N.  O.,  2084  miles. 

Montalvo  marks  the  western  terminus  of  that  portion  of  the  Coast 
Line  commencing  at  Burbank,  on  which  tunnel  work  is  being  prosecuted. 
At  present  the  western  section  is  operated  for  a  distance  of  thirty-four 
miles  to  a  station  called  Santa  Susanna.  Five  miles  from  Montalvo  on 
this  line  is  located  the  Oxnard  Beet  Sugar  Factory,  a  giant  enterprise.  It 
may  be  of  interest  to  the  curious  to  know,  as  discovered  by  Edward 
Everett  Hale,  that  a  romance  in  1510,  by  Ordonez  de  Montalvo,  gave 
expression  to  the  name  California. 

Saticoy—  N.  O.,  2080  miles. 

SANTA  PAULA— A7:  6>.,  2072  miles. 

Santa  Paula  is  a  well-built,  enterprising  and  thrifty  town,  with  large 
interests  in  oranges,  apricots  and  other  fruits,  and  in  walnuts,  Lima  beans 
and  petroleum. 

Fillmore—N.  O.,  2062  miles. 

PIRU—  N.  <9.,  2055  miles. 

Piru,  in  full  harmony  with  other  points  in  the  valley  called  Santa  Clara, 
and  watered  by  a  river  of  same  name,  gives  generous  returns  each  season 
in  fruit  and  nuts. 

C AMU  LOS—  N.  <9.,  2053  miles. 

This  cluster  of  houses,  embowered  by  oranges  and  olives,  and  with 
their  backs  turned  toward  the  intruding  railway,  in  romance  of  Helen 
Hunt  Jackson,  under  name  "  Moreno  Ranch,"  was  the  home  of  Ramona. 
The  author's  descriptions  and  locations  of  points  of  interest  are*  marvels 
of  exactness.  The  artichoke  patch;  the  running  water  at  lavatory;  the 
chapel,  dormitories,  kitchen,  corrals  and  "  willows-by-the-brook,"  that 


23 


marked  the  initial  point  of  Ra- 
mora's  midnight  flight  to  near-by 
sheltering  mountain  canons  at  the 
east— all  are  there. 

The  general  mountain  range 
northward,  and  separating  it  from 
the  Mojave,  is  San  Rafael;  at  the 
south  Sierra  San  Fernando. 

SAUGUS— Alt.,  1159;  N.  a,  2038 
miles. 

At  Saugus  is  junction  point  of 
the  line  south,  coming  from  San 
Francisco,  through  San  Joaquin 
Valley  and  picturesque  Tehachapi 
Mountain;  and  again  in  due 
course,  will  be  reached  by  us  when 
that  line  is  traced. 

For  happiness  of  any  who  may 
desire  refreshment,  it  has  also  an 
unpretending  but  most  excellent 
eating-house. 

SANTA    CLARA    VALLEY    AND 
RIVER. 

Shortly  after  leaving  Saugus  the 
train  crosses  a  river  which  you 
have  followed  from  Montalvo,  near 
the  ocean;  both  valley  and  river 
are  named  Santa  Clara. 

NEWHALL— Alt.,  1265;  N.  O.,  2035 
miles. 

Contiguous  to  Newhall,  on  ele- 
vated ground  at  the  east,  are  petro- 
leum wells  that  have  been  large 
producers  for  many  years. 

TUNNEL—^//.,  1401;  N.  O.,  2031 
miles. 

This  tunnel,  piercing  the  narrow- 
est section  of  San  Fernando  Range, 
requires  five  minutes  of  passenger- 
train  time  to  cover  its  distance  of 
nearly  one  mile  and  a  half;  at  its 
southern  exit,  introduces  you  to 
the  largest  olive  grove  in  Califor- 
nia, and  in  the  world. 


Santa'Barbara  Mission 
Santa  Barbara  Mission 
Corridor,  Santa  Barbara  Mission 
Garden,  Santa  Barbara  Mission 


24 

FERNANDO  —  ^//.,    1066;   N.   O.,  2026  miles. 

Fernando  marks  the  site  of  Mission  San  Fernando,  Rey  de  Espsno, 
founded  by  Father  Francisco  Dumetz,  September  8,  1797.  The  moun- 
tain range  at  the  south  is  Sierra  de  Santa  Monica,  with  Santa  Susanna  in 
the  west,  northerly  the  San  Fernando  Range,  and  the  famous  San 
Gabriel  at  the  east. 

BUR  BANK— Alt.,  461;  N.  O.,  2016  miles. 

Under  construction  from  Burbank  is  a  notable  cut-off  of  distance  in 
the  line  to  San  Francisco  along  the  ocean  side;  it  reaches  the  one  we 
have  traversed  at  a  station  called  Montalvo. 

Sepulveda—N.  O.,  2014  miles.  Tropico—N.  O.,  2011  miles. 

West  Glendale—N.  O.,  2013  miles.  River  Station— Suburban. 

ARCADE  DEPOT— Los  Angeles;  Alt.,  293;  N.  O.,  2006  miles. 

This  incoming  to  southern  Queen  City  has  been  along  the  bank  of  Los 
Angeles  River,  less  songful  now  than  when  it  was  named  Porciuncula, 
in  1769.  It  rises  in  the  San  Fernando  and  the  San  Gabriel  Ranges  of 
mountains,  and,  when  it  flowed  bank-full,  emptied  into  San  Pedro  Bay. 

Deferring  the  consideration  of  Los  Angeles  and  its  tributaries,  we 
turn  now  to  the  wharf  at  foot  of  Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  with  pur- 
pose to  reveal  other  lines  of  Southern  Pacific  Company  that  connect  the 
metropolis  and  Central  California  with  Los  Angeles. 

SAN  FRANCISCO  —  /^/.,  including  suburbs,  450,000;  Alt.,  12;  N.  O., 

2489  miles. 

If  such  is   the  choice,  the  eastward   start  can  be  from 
%n£*%fa%i       a   ferry  landing  at  foot  of   Market  Street,   now  by  the 
munificence  of  the  State  made  fitting  gateway  to  metropo- 
lis of  the  Pacific. 

A  run  of  fifteen  minutes  on  a  safe  and  commodious  boat  across  an 
arm  of  the  Bay  of  San  Francisco  brings  you  to  the  waiting  train  at 
outer  terminus  of  Southern  Pacific  Company's  Oakland  Mole. 

Under  the  old  dispensation  Lot's  wife  looked  back  and  was  turned 
into  a  pillar  of  salt;  under  the  new,  no  such  dangers  here  await  any 
inquiring  mind.  Look  back  and  see  the  lines  and  terraces  of  the 
metropolis  you  have  left — its  marble  and  granite  walls,  uplifted  domes  and 
gilded  pinnacles,  and  with  thought  it  may  be  of  severed  social  ties,  give 
it  your  benediction;  then,  looking  across  Bay  water,  northerly  of  Golden 
Gate,  Mt.  Tamalpais,  its  hotel-crowned  summit  upon  occasion  reached  by 
you  within  a  ride  of  two  hours  of  boat  and  rail  from  San  Francisco. 
Fort  Alcatraz,  tide- washed  island  rock,  is  in  the  middle  distance  as  you 
view  Mt.  Tamalpais,  and  Angel  Island,  northerly  from  it,  occupying  a 
central  place  in  the  Bay. 

The  trip  skirts  the  southern  shore  of  a  small  island  belonging  to  the 
Government,  and  in  reserve  for  possible  harbor  defense  against  the  naval 
attacks  of  foreign  foes.  This  island  originally  produced  a  plant  held  in 


esteem  by  Spanish  housewives,  and 
gave  the  name  "  Yerba  Buena  " 
(good  herb)  to  its  chosen  home. 
For  some  reason,  however,  the 
liquid,  musical  Spanish  has  dis- 
appeared, and  erstwhile  "Yerba 
Buena  '  '  is  now  "  Goat  !  '  ' 

This  change  may  be  whimsically 
explained  as  due  to  the  law  of 
"survival  of  the  fittest  "—given  a 
contest  between  Yerba  and  Capra, 
Yerba  disappeared  and  Goat  re- 
mains. 

The  Government  maintains  a 
Pharos  on  the  island,  but  it  throws 
no  light  on  this  question  of  name. 


SAN  FRANCISCO  BAY  SIDE. 

The  French  have  a  saying  in 
effect,  "It  is  the  first  step  that 
costs,"  but  on  this  trip  the  first 
step  pays.  A  run  of  thirty  miles 
along  the  shore  of  island-gemmed 
San  Francisco  Bay,  its  placid  waters, 
vexed  not  otherwise  than  by  keel 
of  welcome  commerce;  the  near-by 
hills,  restful  to  vision  in  richest 
sward;  the  more-distant,  opaline 
under  commingled  atmosphere  and 
flowers;  the  waters,  tawny  from 
stain  of  gold-bearing  mountain 
sands,  and  an  over-arching  sky  of 
azure,  so  pure,  so  soft,  it  may 
well  hang,  a  diaphanous  screen  be- 
tween the  things  that  are  and  are 
to  be.  During  this  brief  hour, 
silence  is  fitting,  while  happy  jour- 
neys are  being  made  into  fairyland, 
and  nectar  partaken  in  its  royal 
company. 

OAKLAND—  /^.,  125,000;  Alt.,  9; 
S.  F.,  7  miles. 

A  rapidly  growing,  progressive 
city,  promising  much  of  excellence; 
the  favorite  residence  of  large  num- 
bers engaged  in  San  Francisco 
business. 


26 

BERKELEY—^//.,  12;  S.  F.,  9  miles. 

If  there  is  ever  a  greater  Oakland,  Berkeley  must 
Stege—s.  F.,  14  miles.  be  parcel  of  it.     Indeed,  even  now,  who  can  tell 

pTnoS-S   FS  24  mi?esmilef        where   OIie  °f  them   6nds   and   the    °ther  Begins  ? 

Rodeo— S.  F.','  26  miles.  The   city   faces   Golden   Gate,   distant   eighteen 

Seiby—§.  F.,  28  miles,  loca-     miles  over  island-accented  waters. 
rl°dnucUoneXaenferefimni:,K        Vision,  unaided,  easily  follows  the  ocean  cur- 
works.  rent   into   and   through   Golden    Gate,  and   can 

mark  the  coming  argosy  before   it  has  reached 
the  waters  of  the  harbor. 

University  of  California — In  this  city,  on  an  elevated  bench,  the  but- 
tress of  a  range  of  hills,  is  located  the  University  of  California,  richly 
endowed  and  generously  fostered  by  the  State.  On  the  material  side 
there  is  likely  to  be  no  want;  the  faculty  is  numerous  and  able — some 
members  of  it  with  world-wide  reputations;  and  the  student  roll,  matter 
of  pardonable  State  pride. 

VALLEJO  JUNCTION—^//.,  12;  S.  F.,  29  miles. 

This  station  is  at  the  mouth  of  Carquinez  Strait,  connecting  San  Pablo 
and  Suisun  Bays  (local  names  for  waters  of  San  Francisco  Bay).  It  is 
about  ten  miles  long,  one  mile  wide,  of  great  depth,  and  much  frequented 
by  sea-going  vessels  for  benefit  of  its  sweet  waters  in  removing  barnacles 
from  their  hulls. 

Carquinez,  by  some  authorities,  is  said  to  be  an  Indian  word  for  ser- 
pent. The  sinuous  strait  may  have  suggested  the  name,  but  when  it  was 
first  visited  by  whites,  the  Indians  on  its  eastward  bank  called  themselves 
Carquin  or  Carquinez,  and  may  indeed  have  had  a  serpent  for  a  totem. 

Across  the  mouth  is  Mare  Island,  naval  yard  of  United  States — a  place 
likely  to  have  growing  importance  with  our  expanding  Pacific,  and 
expanding  non-pacific  in  defense  of  it. 

CROCKETT— S.  / .,  jo  miles. 

PORT  COSTA— Alt.,  12;  S.  F.,  32  miles. 

Parting   of   the   ways.      Trains    for    continental 

Martinez— $>.  F.,  36  miles.  transit  via  Ogden,  and  as  well  those  for  all  the 
#"rZ-l$SFF,6™nS\es*'  world>  via  Portland,  Or.,  are  run  upon  steamer 
Brentwood—^.  F.,  63  miles.  Solano,  and  quickly  reach  the  City  of  Benicia  on 

the  opposite  bank. 

Martinez,  Antioch  and  Brentwood  are  flourishing  towns  in  Contra 
Costa  County,  first  two  of  them  on  tidewater,  and  the  former,  seat  of 
county  government.  Byron  is  famed  as  a  health  resort,  with  thermal 
springs,  well  approved  for  treatment  of  rheumatism  and  diseases  of  the 
skin.  The  country  tributary  to  these  towns  is  of  surpassing  fertility. 

MT.  DIABLO—^//.,  3896;  S.  F.,  40  miles. 

Bethany— $>   F    77  miles      ^n  t^ie  right  as  you  pass  eastwardly  is  Mt.  Diablo, 

altitude   3896,    with    double   peaks.       Its   summit 

easily  reached  and  repays  the  effort.     Is  centrally  located  in  the  county. 


27 


Tracy  claims  no  importance  not 
given  to  it  by  train  divergence. 
The  railway  tracks  mark  a  cross  of 
St.  Andrew.  From  San  Francisco 
the  approach  is  by  two  lines,  one  of 
them  that  herein  followed,  and  the 
other,  also  from  San  Francisco,  but 
via  Niles  and  Livermore.  From 
standpoint  of  arrival  the  outgoings 
are,  respectively,  to  the  right,  via 
west  side  San  Joaquin  to  junction 
with  the  main  line  at  Fresno;  to 
the  left,  for  Lathrop. 

Under  above  subheading,  refer- 
ence is  had  to  a  line,  San  Francisco 
to  Tracy,  "via  Niles  and  Liver- 
more."  This  line  leaves  the  mole 
in  Oakland  at  the  same  point  from 
which  your  start  was  made,  but 
diverges  to  the  right  where  the 
mole  touches  the  mainland,  trav- 
erses the  waterfront  of  that  city 
for  three  miles,  passing  the  beauti- 
ful suburban  residence  towns  of 
East  Oakland,  Sather  and  Melrose, 
and  the  avenue  that  opens  a  vista 
to  Mills  Female  Seminary,  a  mile 
distant,  on  the  base  of  a  range  of 
highlands. 

SAN  LEANDRO  —  S.  F.,  16  miles. 

Lorenzo— S.  F.,  18  miles.       ^  a  n      Lean- 

dro  and  Lor- 
enzo are  wealth-producing  towns 
largely  devoted  to  manufactures 
and  fruit  raising,  and  are  much 
in  popular  favor  for  country 
places  by  business  men  of  the 
metropolis. 

HAYWARDS— 5.  F.,  21  miles. 

Decoto-S.  F.,  27  miles.      Haywards      is 

a  large  town, 

beautifully  situated  on  elevated 
ground,  devoted  to  fruit  and  the 
entertainment  of  thousands  who 
are  attracted  by  its  virtues. 

Decoto  is  umbrageous  and  home- 
like, with  merit  sufficient  to  secure 


Market  Street,  San  Francisco 
Hopkins  Art  Institute 
Union  Square 
City  Hall,  San  Francisco 


28 

the  Masonic  Home  for  benefit  of  fraters  and  their  families — an  imposing 
structure  on  sightly  elevation. 

NILES— 5.  F.,  30  miles. 

Marks  a  point  of  railway  junction;  one  line,  to 
ira^M^miles.    the  right,  for  San  Jose;  the  other  to  the  left,  for 

1  racy,  via  JLivermore.      1  his  we  lollow. 

LIVERMORE— 5.  F.,  48  miles. 

The  start  from  Niles  is  a  plunge  into  a  romantic  canon,  its  lowest  level 

the  bed  of  a  living  stream.     The  banks  on  each  side  as  you  pass  upward 

,have  an  elevated  skyline,  and,  where  not  occupied  by  picturesque  cottages 

and  their  fruit  trees  and  vines,  are  covered  by  a  generous  growth  of 

flowering  shrubs  and  trees,  including  madrona,  manzanita  and  laurel. 

At  Sunol,  olive  parks  fill  much  of  the  foothill  space  at  the  left. 

Pleasanton  finds  a  broader  valley  for  its  growth,  and  many  vineyards 
and  wineries  will  be  noted  in  the  vicinity. 

Livermore  is  a  large  town,  centrally  located  in  the  valley  from  which 
it  derives  its  name.  Its  commerce  and  manufactures  are  of  notable 
importance.  To  the  left  are  seen  the  peaks  of  Mt.  Diablo,  and  the  sur- 
rounding ridges  are  spurs  of  the  Coast  Range.  Winemaking  is  a  leading 
industry. 

ALTAMONT— 5.  F.,  56  miles. 

Altamont  and  Midway  are  important  to  those  who 

7Vfr52!&  F  F72  mil™165  operate  the  railway,  but  not  largely  so  to  the  pass- 
Banta—s.  F!',  8C  miles.  ing  traveler.  A  tunnel  pierces  the  mountain  spur, 

and  passing  Midway  you  are  soon  in  the  valley  of 

San  Joaquin  at  Tracy,  on  opposite  side  the  station  from  that  of  your 
arrival  via  Port  Costa. 

SAN  JOAQUIN  RIVER—  S.  F.,  91  miles. 

This,  to  be  again  crossed  by  you  197  miles  from  San  Francisco,  drains 
the  western  watershed  of  a  section  of  the  Sierra  Nevada,  equal  to  a 
length  of  270  miles.  It  also  includes  the  entire  breadth  of  San  Joaquin 
Valley  and  the  eastern  slope  of  the  Coast  Range,  thus  covering  no  less 
than  twenty  thousand  square  miles.  When  you  see  how  little  water  it 
carries,  it  will  be  an  act  of  justice  to  give  credit  for  having  paid  irrigation 
tribute  to  more  than  ten  thousand  acres  of  thirsty  farm  lands. 

LATHROP— Alt.,  26;  S.  F.,  94  miles. 

Ripon—$>  F   105  mile*      Although  not   a    large   town,    Lathrop   has  always 
occupied  an  important  place  in  passenger  itineraries. 

For  one  thing,  it  has  an  eating-house;  and  then,  of  signal  moment,  is  a 
junction  place  reached  by  three  lines — one  of  them  from  the  southwest, 
over  which  your  approach  was  made;  the  second  from  the  south,  with 
memories  of  Los  Angeles,  and  will  be  traversed  by  you  in  outgoing;  the 
third,  on  the  left  hand  at  your  arrival,  points  the  way  to  Stockton,  a  large 
and  important  city,  nine  miles  distant,  and  to  Sacramento,  the  capital  of 


29 


the  State,  fifty-seven  miles  from 
Lathrop.  Sacramento  is  on  the 
main  lines,  San  Francisco  to  Ogden, 
and  San  Francisco  to  Portland,  Or. 
This  line  to  Sacramento  from  the 
Tracy  and  Lathrop  junctions  is 
gateway  to  much  of  the  Central 
and  Southern  California  traffic, 
over  Southern  Pacific  Company's 
Shasta  Route  through  Portland, 
Or.,  and  over  the  same  company's 
Central  Pacific  line  through  Ogden. 

STANISLAUS    RIVER  —  Alt.,    72; 

S.  F.  ,  1  06  miles. 

This  is  a  tributary  of  the  San 
Joaquin,  and  takes  its  rise  in  Sierra 
snows.  The  name  is  not  Polish. 
When  the  fathers  first  visited  San 
Joaquin  Valley  (then  called  Tulares) 
they  were  met  by  an  important 
Indian  chief  named  Estanislaus; 
this,  decapitated,  became  the  name 
of  the  mountain  stream.  It  has 
been  a  great  producer  of  gold. 


MODESTO  — 

miles. 


/.,   91;  S.   F.,   114 

Modesto,    a 

Tuolumne  River.  <  c 

Ceres—  S.  F.,  119  miles. 

Turiock—s.  F.,  127  miles,    trade   and 
seat   of  jus- 

tice for  County  of  Stanislaus,  is  on 
the  northern  bank  of  Tuolumne 
River,  doubly  bridged  at  this  point, 
and  sometimes  navigable  for  small 
craft.  The  river  is  an  affluent  of 
San  Joaquin  and  rises  in  the  upper 
fastnesses  of  the  Sierra.  The  bed 
gave  fabulous  returns  of  gold  to 
miners  of  early  days,  and  large 
sums  are  now  obtained  along  the 
course  of  it,  chiefly  from  quartz 
mining.  Named  from  Tahualumne 
Indian  tribe.  While  non-irrigated, 
the  tributary  country  has  rewarded 
the  husbandman,  but  is  now*enter- 
ing  upon  more  certain  and^  larger 
results  from  systematic  waterjdistri- 
bution. 


Oil  Train,  San  Joaquin  Valley 
Fruit  Packing,  San  Joaquin  Valley 
Orange  Grove,  San  Joaquin  Valley 
Oil  Derrick,  San  Joaquin  Valley 


MERCED   RIVER— Alt.,  136;  S.  F.,  135  miles. 

Here  the  famed  Merced  is  crossed.     It  carries 
AtwlgtSel°-$?   uV  mIleTles'     the  merest  thread  of  water,  and  yet  that  is  all 

utility  has  left  of  the  abundant  floods  that  pour 

down  the  granite  walls  of  Yosemite — a  tide  so  needful  to  the  parched 
lands  of  San  Joaquin  could  not  be  permitted  to  waste  itself  in  the  saline 
Bay  of  San  Francisco. 

JjAt  cost  exceeding  three  millions,  canals  were  cut  in  the  walls  of  Merced 
Canon,  diverting  dams  were  built,  and  a  storage  reservoir  created,  fitted 
to  hold  in  reserve  the  water  supply  of  a  season.  Then,  mains  of  substan- 
tial iron,  and  canals  were  provided,  with  laterals  to  reach  every  thirsty 
acre  of  an  empire,  not  to  mention  a  supply  system  for  the  city  of  Merced 
that  lies  in  the  heart  of  the  scheme,  and  presently  shall  be  inspected  by  you. 

MERCED— A>/>.,  2000;  Alt.,  171;  S.  F.,  152  miles. 

This   city  and  the  country   tributary  to  it   enjoy 
•iS'4-s.  F'./leVmile's.    Merced"  River  by  conquest.     In  the  park,  facing 

the  station  grounds  has  been  erected  a  granite  and 

marble  fountain,  which  sends  sparkling  showers  aloft  for  joy  of  all 
beholders. 

These  laughing  waters,  in  voice  that  now  sings  small,  erstwhile  thun- 
dered at  base  of  Yosemite  cliffs;  no  memory  here  of  their  mountain 
birthplace,  its  bird  song,  its  whispering  pines  and  floral  incense.  They 
speak  not  of  Merced's  majestic  plunge  at  Nevada  and  Vernal  Falls;  have 
no  tradition  of  stupendous,  awe-inspiring  Yosemite 's  half-mile  leap  from 
sky  to  earth;  no  pride  of  descent  from  nuptial  beauty  of  iridescent  Bridal 
Veil.  All  these,  to  this  fountain  water,  are  less  than  a  tale  that  is  told, 
but  the  traveler  may  turn  his  face  eastward  and  see  the  silver-crested 
Sierra,  forming  the  hundred-mile-distant  sky  line,  and  behold  the  mighty 
laboratory  from  which  is  drawn  these  musical  rain  drops  and  the  wealth 
of  a  State. 

BE  REN  DA— Alt.,  256;  S.  F.,  178  miles. 

Yosemite      From  Berenda  a   branch   line  runs  to    Raymond,  twenty-one 
miles  distant,  and  thence  by  stage  to  Yosemite,  with  Mariposa 
Grove  of  Big  Trees  (sequoia  gigantea)  en  route. 

MAD  ERA— Alt.,  278;  S.F.,  185  miles. 

F>r,Vri0v—<±  PT   i ««  «,;w      County  seat.     An  important  wood-working  manu- 

jjurucri,      o.  r  .,  .LOO  iiiuca.          -  .  .      *  .  .    fj         . 

factory.     The   lumber  used  is   cut   in  the  Sierra 

Nevada,  one  hundred  miles  away,  sent  to  the  factory  by  water  in  a  V 
flume,  the  sawed  lumber  withdrawn  on  arrival  and  the  water  not  permitted 
to  waste. 

SAN  JOAQUiN  RIVER  (2d  Crossing)— Alt.,  298;  S.  F.,  197  miles. 

The   bridge   is  elevated    and   gives   picturesque 

'  Mu"cate~i^.  F'.',  201  miles!  views  alonS the  stream.  Gold  in  small  quantities 
has  been  taken  from  its  sands  a  short  distance 
above. 


FRESNO—/^/.,  15,000;  Alt.,  293; 
S.  F. ,  207  miles. 

At  first  sight,  and  as  well  on 
mature  acquaintance,  Fresno  will 
be  pronounced  a  fine  city.  Is  seat 
of  government  of  a  rich  county; 
has  opulent,  enterprising  merchants 
and  bankers  and  extensive  manu- 
factures. Notable  among  the  latter, 
several  immense  establishments  for 
seeding  raisins;  also  a  large  fruit- 
canning  factory  and  extensive 
winery.  It  has  machine  shops 
and  wood-working  factory,  flour 
mills  and  mammoth  electrical  plant, 
drawing  from  water  power  in  the 
Sierra.  The  output  of  fruit  and 
wines  is  phenomenal;  receipts  for 
raisins  alone  reach  into  the  mil- 
lions. 

Fresno  has  a  branch  line  of 
24  miles  to  Pollasky,  near  the  Sierra 
Nevada  foothills,  via  Clovis,  and 
a  loop  line,  104  miles,  to  Famoso, 
a  station  on  the  main  line,  87  miles 
south  of  Fresno.  This  loop  line 
reaches  a  rich  lumber,  agricultural 
and  fruit  country  along  the  base  of 
the  Sierra,  and  includes  the  impor- 
tant towns  of  Sanger  Junction, 
Reedley,  Dinuba,  Exeter,  Lindsay 
and  Porterville,  the  last  three  also 
reached  by  line  from  Visalia.  It  is 
also  the  junction  point  of  the  West 
Side  Line,  of  which  mention  was 
made  at  Tracy,  and  its  itinerary 
will  now  be  given. 


WEST  SIDE  ITINERARY 


WESTLEY— 5.  F.,  101  miles. 


Crows  Landing — S.  F.,  113  miles. 


Short- 


ly after 

leaving  Tracy  the  train  will  pause, 
and  then  proceed,  crossing  a  rail- 
way track  at  an  obtuse  angle. 


A  Valley  Vine.yar.1 
Raisin  Growing; 


32 

This  is  a  line  running  from  Stockton  to  Corral  Hollow  Coal  Mines, 
located  in  the  Livermore  or  Mt.  Diablo  Coast  Range. 

Westley  and  Crows  Landing  occupy  important  places  in  a  wheat- 
raising  district  traversed  by  the  railway  line,  and  eastwardly  bordered  by 
San  Joaquin  River,  on  which  the  early-day  town  of  Crows  Landing  made 
its  juvenile  bow  to  the  public. 

NEWMAN— S.  F.,  1 20  miles. 

Newman  is  the  most  considerable  town  of  the  West  Side.  Has  the 
benefit  of  wealth  and  business  enterprise.  Large  orchards  and  vineyards 
tributary  to  it,  and  cereals  extensively  cultivated.  Extending  southward 
for  more  than  one  hundred  miles  the  land  is  irrigated,  much  of  it  growing 
alfalfa  for  benefit  of  stock-raising.  As  you  traverse  this  "  land  of  clover  " 
it  will  be  a  delight  to  see  the  cropping  herds  on  its  perennial  green. 

LI  NOR  A— S.  F.,  1 27  miles. 

Los  sanos-s.  F.,  141  miles.    Linora  and    Los    Banos   testify  of   clover  and 
cattle,   but   the  cultivation  of  wheat   and   other 

cereals  and  of  vegetables  and  fruit  are  by  no  means  neglected.  These 
irrigated  lands  attract  water-fowl  and  offer  heavy  bags  to  visiting  sports- 
men. During  the  winter  months  the  landscape  is  white  with  countless 
thousands  of  wild  geese. 

DOS  PALOS— 5.  F.,  154  miles. 

Contiguous  to  Dos  Palos  easterly,   on  bank  of 

5;±?f-SSF.Fi75 6mteta-  San,  Joaquin  River,  is  a  populous  and  thrifty 
settlement,  containing  several  hundred  inhabit- 
ants. The  sportsman  will  not  fail  to  notice  abundant  water-fowl  along 
this  West  Side  Line.  In  the  season,  mallards,  widgeon  and  teal  are 
flushed  by  passing  trains. 

Firebaugh  is  an  important  wool-shipping  point,  and  concentration  of 
live-stock  interests. 

Mendota,  terminus  of  trainmen's  run,  and  on  their  side  the  subject  of 
first  and  last  importance. 

COLLIS— S.  F.,  194  miles. 

Here  the  railway  bifurcates;  one  branch,  to  the  right,  covers  a  rich 
country,  and  the  towns  of  McMullin,  Caruthers,  Lillis,  Armona  and  Han- 
ford,  and  connection  with  the  main  line  at  Goshen  Junction,  a  distance  of 
fifty-two  miles  south  of  Collis. 

The  branch  to  the  left  makes  a  run  of  fifteen  miles  to  Fresno. 

ALFALFA. 

The  observant  traveler  sees  almost  everywhere  in  San  Joaquin  Valley 
certain  broad  acres  of  pasture  or  grass  land,  covered  by  a  luxuriant 
growth  of  herbage,  much  resembling  clover.  This  is  Chilean  clover, 
alfalfa  or  lucerne,  an  invaluable  adjunct  to  general  farming.  Under  irri- 
gation it  may  be  cut  from  three  to  five  times  a  year  for  hay,  and  pastured 
during  the  winter  months. 


33 


miles. 


—  ^//.,   299;   S.   F.,  211 


Fowler— S.  F.,  216  miles. 
Setma—S.  F.,  222  miles. 
Kingsburg — S.  F.,  227  miles. 
Traver—S.  F.,  232  miles. 


Within 
twenty- 
five  miles 
of  Fres- 
no, east- 
erly, on  Southern  Pacific  Com- 
pany's main  line,  is  a  country  rich 
in  the  products  of  husbandry,  with 
centers  of  commerce  at  convenient 
distances.  These  are  Malaga  (the 
aroma  of  its  raisins  detected  in  the 
name),  Fowler,  Selma  and  Traver, 
each  blessed  of  Ceres  and  of 
Pomona. 

KINGS  RIVER—  Alt.,  joo;    S.    F., 

229  miles. 

This  beautiful  stream  was  visited 
by  Father  Martin  (missionary)  in 
1805,  in  pious  and  patriotic  zeal 
named  Rio  de  las  Santos  Reyes. 
That  is  full  of  rhythm,  but  a  short 
cut  into  the  vernacular  —  "  Kings 
River  '  '  —  is  better  suited  to  modern 
business  flight. 

GOSHEN    JUNCTION—^//.,    286; 

S.  F.  ,  241  miles. 

This  claims  to  be  a  junction 
merely,  but  its  associations  are  of 
the  best,  including  the  county  seats 
of  both  Kings  and  Tulare. 

HANFORD—  S.  F.,  254  miles. 

Thirteen 

Armona  —  S.  F.,  257  miles.  miles  WCSt- 

Lemoore—S.  F.,  262  miles.  i        frnm 

Huron-S.  F.,  281  miles.  ^  r  l  ^  from 

Coalinga—^.  F.,  296  miles.  G  O  S  h  e  11 

Alcalde—  S.  F.,  301  miles.  J  unction, 

on  a  branch 

line,  is  the  city  of  Hanford,  county 
seat  of  Kings  County.  It  is  noted 
for  mercantile  energy  and  thrift, 
fruit  and  stock-raising;  general 
farming  and  manufactures  are  also 
tributary  to  it.  The  city  is  sub- 
stantially built,  and  the  traveler 


Wheat  Harvestin- 
Irrigating  Canal 
Some  Pumpkins 
Visalia  Stock  Rand 


34 

can  find  rest  at  its  hotels,  chief  of  them  the  Artesia  and  the  Aborn.  On 
the  same  branch  line,  three  miles  westerly,  is  the  thriving  fruit  center 
called  Armona,  and  five  miles  beyond,  the  more  important  town  of 
Lemoore.  A  farther  run  of  nineteen  miles  reaches  Huron;  fifteen  miles 
to  Coalinga,  and  five  to  the  terminus  at  Alcalde. 

Near  Coalinga  is  an  important  petroleum  field,  developing  large 
output. 

VISALIA— 5.  F.,  249  miles. 

On  branch  line,  eight  miles  from  Goshen 

Farmer svUie— S.  F.,  2-Vi  miles.    Junction.     It  is  seat  of  government  for  Tulare 

!*££*$:.  »3fe  County    planted   in  a   specially   rich   agricul- 

Porterviiie—^.  F.,  27(>  miles.         tural  and  fruit  district,  embowered  in  native 

oaks.     There  is  much  civic  pride,  resulting  in 

clean,  well-paved  streets,  and  sidewalks  of  artificial  stone  and  asphalt. 
The  public  buildings  are  highly  creditable,  with  special  mention  of  the 
court-house.  The  banks  and  commercial  marts  are  well  housed,  and  on 
the  hotel  side,  there  is  special  pride  in  "  Palace,"  but  others  also  are 
not  wanting. 

By  recent  construction  the  railway  line  extends  beyond  Visalia  east- 
ward to  Porte rville,  connecting  at  Exeter  with  the  loop  line,  Fresno  to 
Fampso. 

Lindsay  and  Porterville  are  great  producers  of  early  oranges  of  highest 
quality,  and  the  country  tributary  to  them  is  of  the  best. 

MAIN  LINE 

TULARE— Alt.,  282;  S.  F.,  251  miles. 

Tulare  enjoys  an  active  and  healthful  business 
life,  its  surrounding  lands  tributary  in  cereals, 

n£/™-s'  F  '  268  mite.'  fruit  and  stock-  Tulare  gives  a  generous 

Delano- S.  F.',  282  miles.  response  when  called  upon  for  the  varied  pro- 

Famoso—S).  F.,  294  miles.  ductions  that  go  to  make  up  the  ideal  of  gen- 

fOHj£«ton-s™.m™nte*.  ?«1  farming.  Much  of  the  land  is  wooded 

in  oaks  of  rare   beauty  —  wide-spreading  and 

stately. 

KERN   RIVER-v4//.,^/0/  S.  F.,  312  miles. 

This  is  one  of  the  most  valued  irrigation  rivers  of  San  Joaquin  Valley; 
head  waters  of  it  fed  by  glaciers  of  Mt.  Whitney.  It  was  named  in  honor 
of  Edward  M.  Kern,  the  topographer  of  Fremont's  second  trip  to  Cali- 
fornia, in  the  year  1846. 

BAKERSFIELD— All..  415;  S.  F.,  314  miles 

It  is  to  be  regretted  this  beautiful  city  lies  hidden 

Pampa—^  ¥  JJ29mites      ^rom  view  °*  Passing  tourist,  behind  a  mile-deep 

screen  of  luxuriant  trees. 

A  county  town,  with  notable  court-house,  hotels,  banks,  opera-house, 
churches  and  substantial  business  blocks.  The  great  breadth  of  irrigated 


35 


land  about  it  gives  assurance  of 
future  prosperity.  A  branch  line 
of  railway  leads  to  Asphalto, 
McKittrick  and  Olig,  fifty  miles 
westerly. 

From  Oil  Junction  a  six-mile 
branch  runs  to  Oil  City,  at  which 
are  phenomenal  developments  of 
petroleum.  Important  acquisitions 
of  oil  have  also  been  made  in  the 
Sunset  district,  and  as  well  in  vicin- 
ity of  McKittrick,  all  tributary  to 
Bakersfield  in  business  way. 

CALJENTE— Alt.,  1290',  S.  P.,  336 
miles. 

This  is  some- 

Bealville—^.  F.,  342  miles,  thing;  beyond 
Keene—^.  F.,  350  miles.  V^oH  of  ^an 
TheLoop-S.Y.,  352  miles.  J*ead  P1  *** 
Girard—S.  F.,  355  miles.  Joaquin  Val- 
ley, but  is 

frequently  so  accredited,  because 
here  begins  the  climb  of  Tehachapi. 
The  stream  at  Caliente  is  Agua 
Caliente  Creek. 

TEHACHAPI. 

The  question  of  railway  transit  to 
Los  Angeles  over  Tehachapi  Moun- 
tains was  under  general  public  con- 
sideration for  several  years,  and, 
as  a  rule,  the  best  authorities  de- 
clared it  impossible.  The  Sierra 
Nevada  had  thrust  a  substantial 
arm  or  spur  across  the  head  of  San 
Joaquin  Valley,  and  made  common 
cause  with  the  Coast  Range  to  bar 
the  way.  Engineers  in  employ  of 
Southern  Pacific  Company  spent 
months  of  painstaking  surveys,  and 
often  gave  negative  signs  to  ques- 
tions of  possibility.  The  manage- 
ment refused  to  accept  a  negative; 
tunnels  were  suggested,  cuts  and  fills 
indicated;  2735  feet  elevation  had 
to  be  gained,  and  but  24  miles  into 
which  it  must  be  compressed. 
Finally  those  long  feet  were  pro- 
vided for,  with  a  remainder  of  less 


Tcliarliapi  Loop 
San  Fernando  Mission 
Mission  Corridor 
San  Luis  Key  Mission 


36 

than  100,  and  the  active  manager,  parodying  Napoleon  at  Waterloo,  said  : 
"Oh!  for  another  mile,  or  fewer  feet."  The  engineers  had  it:  "We 
will  get  the  needed  mile  by  sending  a  loop  around  the  mountain."  This 
beautiful  piece  of  engineering  attracts  attention  of  all  who  behold  it;  in 
recognition  of  self-crossing  is  called  "  The  Loop."  It  is  a  short  distance 
southerly  from  Keene.  The  graceful  lines  will  amply  repay  inspection. 

LANDSCAPE— TEHACHAPI  MOUNTAIN. 

The  landscape  of  this  mountain  is  of  infinite  variety  and  beauty.  For 
much  of  the  way  on  the  left  hand  going  eastward,  canons  of  fearful 
depth  have  been  chiseled  out  of  primeval  granite,  by  sun  and  frost  and 
water,  the  patient  work  of  cycles. 

On  the  right  may  be  spread  out  in  the  foreground  a  pastoral  scene, 
with  lowing  kine  cropping  the  abundant  wild  oats,  or  ruminant  beneath 
the  shade  of  oak  and  laurel. 

In  the  farther  distance,  and  to  skyline,  the  increased  elevation  dis- 
courages the  oak,  and  the  pine  becomes  chief  favorite. 

Everywhere  artistic  bits,  fit  to  adorn  the  walls  of  any  who  claim  kinship 
with  nature.  Nearing  the  summit  at  Tehachapi,  in  the  canon  traversed 
by  the  train,  most  notable  oaks  of  large  size  are  seen,  regal  specimens  of 
a  royal  tree.  These  were  old  a  hundred  years  ago. 

TEHACHAPI-^//.,  4025;  S.  P\,  362  miles. 

Cameron-*.  F.,  371  miles.    The  to^n  an?  valley  in  which  it  is  located  are 
mountain  sheltered.     Your  advent  has  been  by 

pass  from  the  north,  and  departure  will  be  southward  to  Mojave. 
Tehachapi  markets  no  little  grain  and  hay,  and  makes  fine  showing  in  the 
production  of  stock. 

MOJAVE— v4#.,  2751;  5.  F.,  382  miles. 

When  the  roll  of  deserts  is  being  called  Mojave 

frStl.'R.U^mnS:  now  refuses  to  answer.  Under  the  benign  influ- 
Paimdaie—s.  F.,  415  miles,  ence  of  irrigation — some  of  it  from  mountain 

sources  and  some  from  artesian  wells — portions 

of  this  valley  begin  to  respond  in  cereals,  fruit  and  flowers.  This  will  be 
noted  at  Rosamond,  Lancaster  and  Palmdale.  Of  these,  Lancaster  has 
been  most  energetic,  the  underlying  artesian  water  showing  no  sign  of 
exhaustion.  The  Hotel  Eating  House  at  Mojave  is  one  of  the  best.  The 
railway  divergent  eastward  is  Santa  Fe. 

MT.  SAN  ANTONIO  ("Old  Baldy ")—  Alt.,  10,100. 

From  here,  in  the  distance  at  the  left  southeasterly, 

KfeJMMS  'F  4422nmifeSs  may  be  seen  Mt  San  Antonio,  irreverently  called 
Acton— s.  F.,  427  miles.  '  "  Old  Baldy."  The  elevation  is  10,100  feet.  It  is 

the  conservator  of  water  for  Mojave  Desert  and  for 

Los  Angeles  and  lands  reached  by  San  Gabriel  River  and  other  channels, 
as  Mt.  San  Bernardino  is  for  the  orange  field  that  has  been  created  by 
the  Santa  Ana.  The  range  of  mountains  westerly  walling  in  Mojave 
Valley  is  San  Rafael. 


RAVENNA—^//.,  2262;  S.  F.,  430 
miles. 


Lang—S.  F.,  440  miles. 


This    station 


has  a  roman- 
tic situation  in  Soledad  Canon,  with 
towering  San  Gabriel  Mountain 
range  at  the  east,  in  its  fulness  to 
become  San  Bernardino. 

Passing  down  this  canon  of  sun- 
shine and  shade,  here  and  there  are 
seen  orchards,  gardens,  apiaries, 
farmsteads,  and  at  its  mouth  Santa 
Clara  River  and  Valley,  each  termi- 
nating with  Pacific  tide  water,  fifty 
miles  westward. 

SAUGUS. 

This  is  junction  point  with  main 
line  heretofore  visited  by  us,  and 
we  now  pass  on  to  Los  Angeles. 

LOS     ANGELES  —  /^/.,     175*000; 

Alt.,  293;  N.  O.,  2006  miles. 

Puebla  !a  Reina  de  Los  Angeles. 

This  was  the  full  original  title 
of  California's  southern  metropolis, 
well  befitting  the  do  Ice  far  niente 
Spaniard,  who  had  all  the  time 
there  was  and  could  spend  one 
moiety  of  it  in  naming  his  resi- 
dence, after  the  other  had  been 
exhausted  in  recounting  the  endless 
chain  links  of  his  pedigree,  with 
interminable  conjunctive  de's  and 
y's.  The  lightning-express-cut-off 
Anglo-Saxon,  with  minimum  faith 
in  Reinas,  drops  all  except  the 
Angels,  and  so  it  shall  stand, 
regnant  over  and  blessing  all  who 
come  within  its  influence.  It  was 
founded  September  4,  1781,  with 
12  heads  of  families,  numbering 
46  persons;  under  favoring  skies 
and  the  rich  fostering  of  Mother 
Earth  it  has  grown  apace  to  the 
175,000  mark,  with  evident  inten- 
tion of  imperial  expansion  to  ab- 
sorption, certainly  of  Santa  Monica, 


Marengo  Avenue,  Pasadena 
Long  Wharf,  Santa  Monica 
Bathing  in  December,  Santa  Moi 
Ostriches,  Pasadena 


38 

and  of  San  Pedro,  probably.     To  do  this  will  need  nerve — no  danger  of 
failure  for  want  of  it. 

ALL  TOURISTS'  PATHS  LEAD  TO  LOS  ANGELES. 

No  city  of  modern  times  is  better  or  more  favorably  known;  projected 
on  lines  of  beauty,  with  curves  and  angles,  streets  well  metaled  and 
cleanly,  traversed  by  commodious  and  flying  cars;  attractive  parks,  per- 
ennially floral  and  umbrageous,  inviting  to  rest  and  self-communing,  with 
promise  that  Time  shall  wait  your  pleasure;  stately  municipal  build- 
ings, set  aloft,  where  the  conservators  of  urban  happiness  may  have  their 
entire  charge  under  observation;  streets  bordered  by  high-class  business 
blocks  of  material  to  endure;  on  its  worshipful  side,  non- Athenian,  in 
that  it  has  no  altar  inscribed  "  to  the  unknown  god,"  but  on  all  hands, 
refining  temples  of  public  worship — and,  to  those  who,  of  other  days  and 
other  lands  have  recall  of  pleasant  memories,  "the  sweet  invitation  of 
the  church-going  bell." 

In  education,  emulous  of  those  who  contend  for  the  oak-leaf  crown  of 
victory;  and,  for  the  stranger  within  its  gates,  imperial  Hotel  Van  Nuys 
and  Broadway  satellite  annex,  and  Westminster,  Hollenbeck  and  Nadeau, 
with  scores  of  other  well-approved  caravansaries  to  meet  the  tastes  of  pil- 
grims from  all  the  world;  and  suburban  trains,  reaching  half  a  hundred 
encircling  attractions,  each  new  one  entangling  the  judgment  for  pre- 
eminence. 

The  departure  from  Los  Angeles  to  the  east  is  across  a  bridge, 
over  the  bed  of  a  river — the  bed  only,  left  by  irrigable  lands  thirsty  for 
water.  This  river  rises  in  the  San  Fernando  and  San  Gabriel  Mountain 
ranges,  northerly,  and  when  it  carries  water  delivers  it  at  San  Pedro  Bay. 
The  original  name  of  the  stream,  130  years  ago,  was  Porciuncula,  but  at 
an  early  day  became,  as  it  now  is,  the  Los  Angeles. 

Southerly  from  Los  Angeles  the  mountains  are  Santa  Ana.  Of  the 
many  attractions  encircling  Los  Angeles  metropolis,  in  brief  phrase,  a  few 
shall  be  indicated. 

SANTA  MONICA— From  Los  Angeles  77  miles. 

Santa  Monica  is  the  most  valued   suburban 

Clement  junction— L.  A.,  2m.      resort  of  Los  Angeles,  not  less  so  because 
cSS^^L^fSS^.  of  Proximity  than  varied  merits.      From  Ar- 

Cienega—L.  A'.,  7'miles.  cade    Station    the    transit    is    made    in    half 

S-rhf~^j'  A:LTO  mileiso    -i  an   nour>   witn   sucn   frequency   of   trains   as 

Homejunct^n~i\.  A  ."Smiles.     miSht  be  expected  to  accommodate  this  im- 
Soidiers' Home— L.  A.,  15  miles,     portant  traffic.     The  location   is   an  elevated 

bluff  of  the  ocean,  and  has  the  usual  adjuncts 
of  popular   watering   places. 

Hotels  and  boarding-houses,  so  important  to  visitors,  are  in  endless 
variety.  The  well-known  Arcadia,  under  liberal  management,  is  so  con- 
ducted the  most  exacting  cannot  fail  of  satisfaction  in  any  of  its  depart- 
ments, whether  in  veranda  and  dining-room  sunshine,  or  office  and  counter 
of  the  cashier.  The  seaward,  gently  shelving  beach  to  bathers,  and  the 
recently  constructed  surf-water  wharf  for  angling,  constantly  draw  enthu- 
siastic crowds. 


A  popular  feature  of  Arcadia 
Hotel  is  the  fish  grill-room,  where 
amid  adjuncts  of  "  the  gentle  craft  " 
one  may  choose  from  an  endless 
' '  harvest  of  the  deep ' '  and  be 
satisfied. 

PORT  LOS  ANGELES— From  Los 

Angeles  20  miles. 

This  magnificent ,  three-mile , 
deep-sea  wharf  is  a  splendid  con- 
tribution to  commerce,  and,  inci- 
dentally, invites  and  rewards  a 
continuous  line  of  anglers,  desirous 
of  tempting  nobler  game  than  can 
be  captured  in  the  surf. 

PASADENA  —  From  Los  Angeles 
12  miles. 

From  Arcade 

Shorb—L.  A.,  7  miles.  fVnnt   dv    or 

Garfield  Avenue-\..  A.,    Ltepot   SIX    or 

10 miles.  more   trains 

daily      are 

scheduled  for  Pasadena,  with  re- 
turning service  to  correspond.  The 
urban  beauty  and  social  atmos- 
phere of  this  city  of  refined  homes 
must  be  seen  and  breathed  to  be 
fully  appreciated. 

The  station-house  of  Southern 
Pacific  Company,  centrally  located, 
is  most  creditable,  but  pales  in  the 
shadow  of  unique  Hotel  Green, 
that  rises  beside  it,  a  monument  to 
well-directed  enterprise.  The  finest 
material  thing  in  Pasadena  is  this 
hotel,  and  cannot  fail  to  attract 
from  the  moving  line  of  pilgrims 
who  will  stop  only  at  points  where 
they  can  be  suitably  entertained. 
"  La  Pintoresca  "  and  other  hotels 
of  varied  excellence  give  wide 
room  for  choice. 

MT.  LOWE— Alt.,  6000 feet. 

From    station 
£****£"  T?v-er%  doorof South- 

Echo  Mountain  House.  „         .  - 

ern     P  a  c  i  fi  c 
Company  at  Pasadena  an  electric 


car  can  be  taken  to  Mt.  Lowe,  distant  less  than  sixty  minutes.  The 
instep  of  the  mountain's  foot  being  reached,  the  cable  incline  railway 
gives  safe  and  exciting  transit  to  Echo  Mountain  House,  3500  feet  above 
ocean  level.  This  is  a  well-conducted  hotel,  desirable  for  any  number  of 
days,  or  for  fraction  of  a  single  one.  Hence  by  railway  upward  1500  feet 
to  "Ye  Alpine  Tavern,"  where  suitable  refreshments  are  not  wanting, 
and  thence  by  patient  saddle  animals  to  mountain  fastnesses  that  shall 
feast  the  imagination.  Movements  are  being  made  to  extend  the  rails 
from  Ye  Alpine  Tavern  to  the  summit. 

SAN  PEDRO — From  Los  Angeles  22  miles. 

From  Arcade  Depot  the  cars  of  Southern 

Sr^-lTk-i-lniles'63-  Pacific  Company,  in  a  fifty-minute  run,  reach 
Lynwood—L.  A.,  9  miles.  San  Pedro,  and  steamer  for  Avalon,  on  the 

Compton—^L.  A.,  10  miles.  Island  of  Santa  Catalina,  distant  three  hours  of 
^SS-AL.A.m2oemiles.  safe  and  usually  pleasant  steaming.  This  is 
Santa  Catalina  island.  crystallized  fairyland — the  placid  and  translucent 

waters  teem  with  every  form  of  marine  algae 

and  piscine  life.  Here,  if  anywhere  on  earth,  is  the  place  to  acquire  the 
reputation  of  successful  angler.  Atmospheric  and  terra  firma  attractions 
are  in  harmony  with  the  ocean's  profusion.  "  Any  place  to  stop?  "  No 
end  of  them — from  "tent  on  the  beach"  to  luxurious  Hotel  Metropole. 

LONG  BEACH— From  Los  Angeles  21  miles. 

The  twenty-one  miles  from  Arcade  Depot, 

Clement  June.— L.  A.,2miles.  marginally  indicated  hereon,  are  covered  by 
co^on-b  A.','  «s.  train  in  forty-five  minutes.  It  is  a  most  restful, 
Thenard—L.  A.,  is  miles.  quiet  seaside,  held  in  great  esteem  by  guardians 

for  their  wards,  for  the  genius  of  sobriety  and 

good  order  presides  over  it,  assisted  by  annual  sessions  of  Chautauqua. 
The  city  fathers  have  extended  a  promenade  and  fishing  wharf  to  and 
beyond  the  outer  surf  line,  for  enjoyment  of  lovers  of  the  "  gentle  craft,' ' 
and  in  all  reasonable  ways  are  presenting  attractions  to  young  and  old. 
As  at  other  resorts  named,  ample  provision  is  made  for  public  enter- 
tainment. 

SANTA  ANA— All.,  134;  Los  Angeles,  32  miles. 

Florence—^.  A.,  5  miles.     Succulent  clover  Miraflores—L.  A.,  27  miles. 

and  lowing  herds.  Orange — L.   A.,   30  miles.     Is  not  a   mis- 
Vinvale — L.  A.,  9  miles.  nomer. 

Downey— L.   A.,    11    miles.      Flowers    and  Newport— L.  A.,  44  miles. 

fruit,  promise  and  fruition.  Smeltzer — L.  A.,  55  miles. 
Studebaker—L.  A.,  14  miles. 

Norwaik— L.  A.,  15  miles.  Branch  from  Loara  to  Los 

Carmenita—L.  A.,  18  miles.  AlamitoS 

Buena  Park-L.  A.,  21  miles. 

Almond— L.  A.,  22  miles.  Loara— L.  A.,  24  miles. 

Brookshurst—L.  A.,  23  miles.  Benedict—^.  A.,  29  miles. 

ANAHEIM— Alt.,  133;  L.  A.,  25  miles.  Ana-        Los  Alamitos—l,.  A.,  34  miles.      Nature's 

heim  is  a  large  producer  of  wine,  nuts,  invitation  to  sugar  beet  culture  is  accepted 

fruit  and  sugar  beets.  with  profit. 

Santa  Ana  is  the  proud  seat  of  government  for  Orange  County,  and 
revels  in  floral  and  fruit  prosperity.     The  city  is  well  built,  with  many  fine 


41 


blocks  of  enduring  materials;  in 
urban  and  suburban  districts  are 
private  homes  of  refinement  and 
elegance.  The  country  covered  by 
the  railway  to  Santa  Ana  from  Los 
Angeles,  and,  as  well,  the  tributary 
fields  immediately  surrounding  it, 
are  under  high  cultivation  in  citrus 
and  deciduous  fruits,  vines,  al- 
monds, English  walnuts,  sugar 
beets,  vegetables  and  grain.  The 
wine  output  is  large,  and  grazing 
and  dairy  interests  are  actively  fos- 
tered. Anaheim  is  specially  famous 
for  wine  production,  and  the  peat 
lands  tributary  to  Newport  are 
proving  a  bonanza  in  celery  cul- 
ture. Newport,  on  San  Pedro  Bay, 
is  a  valuable  harbor,  and  displays 
much  commercial  enterprise . 
Smeltzer  is  central  in  the  celery 
field. 

WHITTIER— From  Los  Angeles  20 
miles. 

Fulton  Wells- L.  A.,  16  miles.  Well-ap- 
proved watering  place. 

Los  Nietos — L.  A.,  17  miles.  Walnuts  for 
the  world. 

Whittier  is  a  high-class,  prosper- 
ous and  well-governed  city.  It  is 
seat  of  a^  Juvenile  Reformatory,  es- 
tablishea  by  the  State. 

Branch  from  Miraflores. 

Marlboro — L.  A.,  30  miles. 

Wanda— L.  A.,  33  miles. 

McPherson — L.  A.,  34  miles. 

El  Modena—l...  A.,  35  miles. 

Tustin — L.  A.,  38  miles.  An  artificial  wilder- 
ness of  walnuts  and  citrus  and  deciduous 
fruits. 

MONROVIA  AND  DUARTE. 

Shorb — L.  A.,  5  miles. 
North  Alhambra—L.  A.,  6  miles. 
San  Marino — L.  A.,  8  miles. 
Sunny  Slope — L.  A.,  10  miles. 
Chapman — L.  A.,  11  miles. 
Arcadia— L.  A.,  13  miles. 
Monrovia — L.  A.,  15  miles. 
Duarte — L.  A.,  17  miles. 

Whoso  seeks  a  sylvan  paradise 
will  find  it  on  this  seventeen-mile 


ivR  I 


Standard  Track,  Los  Angeles 
Arcade  Depot,  Los  Angeles 
Oil  Wells,  Los  Angeles 
Big  Century  Plant,  Los  Angeles 


42 

trip.     The  laden  branches  of  bloom  or  fruit  (it  may  be  both)  of  orange  and 
lemon  will  invade  the  car  windows  in  generous  greeting. 

Loop  from  Bassett  to  Pomona  on  Main  Line. 

Vineland — From  Los  Angeles  18  miles.  Irwindale — From  Los  Angeles  19  miles. 

COYINA — From  Los  Angeles  24  miles. 

A  visit  to  the  productive  groves  of 
££fer£r  32?  SSi'S:  Covina  will  justify  any  reasonable  cost 

of  time  and  treasure.  Its  orange  out- 
put is  phenomenal  in  quantity  and  excellence. 

SAN  DIEGO—  From  Los  Angeles  126  miles. 

From  Los  Angeles  this  ancient  and  attractive  city  is  reached  by  line  of 
Southern  California  Railway.  The  wayside  attractions,  not  to  name  its 
orange  groves  and  walnut  parks,  include  the  pathetic  ruins  of  Mission  San 
Juan  Capistrano,  founded  November  1,  1776.  The  ruins  will  reward  the 
trouble  of  inspection.  The  following  fifty  miles  overlook  the  ocean 
beach. 

MISSION  SAN  DIEGO  ALCALA. 

Originally,  this  mission  was  at  Old  Town,  near  the  water  front;  but 
after  trial  at  that  point  for  a  period  of  years  it  was  removed  inland  about 
five  miles  to  a  more  promising  location.  The  history  of  it  is  replete  with 
records  of  heroism,  self-sacrifice,  and  not  altogether  unwilling  martyrdom. 
Nothing  but  ruins  now  remain;  as  such,  they  should  be  visited. 

San  Diego  has  perennial  attractions,  chief  of  these  on  the  romantic 
side  the  remains  of  Mission  San  Diego  de  Alcala,  founded  by  Father 
Serra,  July  16,  1769,  first  born  of  a  mission  family  of  twenty-one. 

The  city's  architectural  achievements  are  numerous,  its  street  railways 
admirable,  and  commercial  enterprise  of  the  first  order.  Dearer,  however, 
to  the  transient  pilgrim  are  its  numerous  and  well-appointed  hotels;  best 
known  of  them  the  world  over  and  held  in  high  esteem,  the  famed  Del 
Coronado.  Enviable  he  who  has  not  already  enjoyed  its  hospitality,  for 
a  new  sensation  awaits  him. 

Resuming  the  main  line  eastward  trip  at  Los  Angeles. 

Aurant— Alt.,  364;  N.  O.,  2003  miles.  Shorb—AM.,  459;  N.  O.,  2000  miles.     From 

Alhambra — Alt.,  425;  N.  O.,  1998  miles.  Shorb  branch  lines  reach  Pasadena,  Mon- 

rovia and  Duarte. 

MISSION  SAN  GABRIEL. 

A  short  distance  westerly  of  the  station  is  the  revered  Mission  of  San 
Gabriel.  It  was  founded  by  Fathers  Somera  and  Cambon,  September  8, 
1771.  It  was  a  powerful  factor  in  the  settlement  of  California  by  Span- 
iards, and  on  more  than  one  occasion  came  generously  to  the  assistance 
of  the  less  fortunate.  Some  of  its  faithful  clergy  sleep  within  the  walls 
where  they  prayed,  and  unnumbered  thousands  of  neophytes  were 
buried  in  consecrated  grounds.  Its  bells  still  invite  the  worshipful  to 


prayer,  and  incense  still  rises  at 
its  altar.  Your  train  speeds  closely 
on  the  south  side  of  it — fail  not  of  a 
passing  look,  but  better  far,  reward 
yourself  with  a  day  at  it,  in  commu- 
nion with  the  romantic  past. 

San  Gabriel— AM.,  409;  N.  O.,  1997  miles. 
Savanna— Ah.,  296;  N.  O.,  1994  miles. 
Monte— Mi.,  286;  N.  O.,  1993  miles. 

SAN  GABRIEL  RIVER. 

Near  Bassett  a  long  bridge  is 
crossed,  spanning  the  bed  of  San 
Gabriel  River,  that  rises  in  Mt. 
San  Antonio,  in  San  Gabriel  Range, 
and  empies  into  San  Pedro  Bay. 
Ancient  San  Gabriel  Mission  util- 
ized this  stream.  Its  waters  are  now 
all  withdrawn  for  irrigation  uses. 

Bassett— Alt.,  289;  N.  O.,  1990  miles.  At 
Bassett  a  loop  line,  via  Covina,  extends  to 
Pomona,  hereinafter  to  be  noted. 

Puente—A\t.,  323;  N.  O.,  1987  miles. 

Lemon— -N.  O.,  1981  miles. 

Spadra—A\t.,  705;  N.  O.,  1979  miles.  Small 
stream,  San  Jose  Creek,  runs  past  Puente 
and  empties  into  Puente  Creek  and  San 
Pedro  Bay. 

POMONA—^//.,  857;  N.   a,  1973 

miles. 

This  beautiful  city,  dedicated  to 
Pomona,  seems  blest  of  Providence 
in  well-deserved  fame  for  its  fruit- 
age ,  and  its  still  more  precious 
social  life.  The  city  abounds  in 
citrus  trees,  and  for  miles  around 
are  groves  of  oranges  and  lemons, 
with  sturdy  figs  and  swaying  wil- 
lowy olives,  walnuts,  almonds  and 
deciduous  fruits. 

SAN  GABRIEL  MOUNTAIN  RANGE. 

North  of  Ontario  the  mountain 
range  is  San  Gabriel,  and  the  near- 
by peaks  are  buttresses  of  Mt.  San 
Antonio. 

ONTARIO—^//.,  981;  N.   O.,  1967 

miles. 

Ontario  is  enriched  by  success- 
ful horticulture;  the  intellectual  and 


Arcadia  Hotel,  Santa  Monica 
North  Beach,  Santa  Monica 
Soldiers'  Home 
Country  Home,  Los  Angeles  County 


social  atmosphere  is  of  the  highest,  and  much  pride  is  taken  in  its  avenues 
and  drives,  shaded  by  drooping  pepper  and  other  ornamental  trees. 
Chino  and  a  mammoth  beet  sugar  factory  are  five  miles  south,  on  a  loop 
railway  line,  the  terminals  of  which  are  Pomona  and  Ontario. 

Cucamonga—Alt.,  952;  N.  O.,  1964  miles. 

Declez— Alt.,  1022;  N.  O.,  1958  miles.     Location  of  granite  quarry  from  which  the  stone 

is  being  supplied  for  San  Pedro  harbor  making. 
Ailsa—N.  O.,  1957  miles. 

BLOOMINGTON—  Alt.,  1083;  N.  O.,  1953  miles. 

Near  Bloomington,  at  Ailsa,  a  movement  is  being  made  on  large 
scale  to  promote  canaigre  culture,  for  leather-tanning  uses.  The  plants 
are  grown  in  drills,  and  at  a  distance  resemble  beets,  or  more  nearly  some 
species  of  dock.  The  virtue  of  the  plant  is  concentrated  in  its  tubers, 
which  bear  some  likeness  to  sweet  potatoes,  and  are  impact  with  tannic 
juices. 

CO  LTD  N—^//.,  965;  N.  O.,  1 948  miles. 

Colton  is  the  central  figure  in  a  famous  circle,  the  segments  of  which 
are  connected  by  lines  of  Southern  Pacific  Company.  To  the  south, 
queenly  Riverside,  eight  miles  distant,  north  three  miles  to  San  Bernar- 
dino, east  eight  miles  to  Redlands,  and  against  such  rivalry  bears  itself 
bravely.  To  the  north  of  east,  towering  above  their  buttressing  satellites, 
may  be  seen  the  (usually  snow-clad)  ridge  or  back  of  Mt.  San  Gorgonio 
and  the  peak  of  Mt.  San  Bernardino.  At  Colton  citrus  fruit  growing 
culminates  in  high  success,  it  having  been  the  traveler's  companion  from 
extreme  northern  borders  of  the  State. 

RIVERSIDE—^//.,  925.     From  Co/ton  8  miles. 

On  many  accounts  Riverside  is  a  place  delightful  and  instructive  to 
visit.  The  city  itself  is  an  orange  grove;  marvelous  avenues  have  been 
created,  bordered  by  magnolias,  peppers  and  palms,  accented  here  and 
there  by  homes  representing  highest  modern  cultivation;  and,  stretching 
away  from  the  city's  center,  miles  of  distance  at  all  points  of  the  compass, 
ranks  on  ranks  of  fruit-bearing  trees,  orange  and  lemon  groves  in  the 
lead,  but  leading  only,  for  hardly  can  any  earthly  fruit  be  called  for  with- 
out response  at  Riverside;  and  with  these,  floral  and  architectural  beauty, 
and  the  cheerful,  social  atmosphere  that  burnishes  the  golden.  From  the 
main  line  at  Colton  the  transit  of  eight  miles  by  motor,  always  in  waiting, 
is  but  a  step,  and  a  right  royal  one.  Hotels  for  all  who  come — well- 
approved  Glen  wood  in  the  front.  Southern  Pacific  Company's  depot,  in 
heart  of  the  city,  is  an  opal  set  in  gold — tourists  should  make  inspection  of 
it;  and  well  worthy  special  mention  the  seven-mile  Magnolia  Avenue, 
now  traversed  by  luxurious  electric  cars,  at  small  cost;  the  city  point  of 
departure,  at  entrance  of  Glenwood  Tavern,  one  block  from  Southern 
Pacific  Company's  depot.  On  this  model  electric  line,  in  the  city  suburbs, 
the  general  government  has  purchased  a  fine  tract  of  land  and  created  an 
Indian  school;  the  architect's  plans  for  the  buildings  have  been  approved, 
and  they  are  now  under  construction. 


45 


SAN     BERNARDINO—  Alt.,     975. 

From  Colton  3  miles. 

San  Bernardino  is  achieved  by  a 
three-mile  motor  ride  from  Colton, 
or  it  may  be  inspected  by  a  stop- 
over en  route  to  or  from  Redlands. 
It  is  the  oldest  urban  place  in  east- 
ern San  Gabriel  Valley,  is  seat  of 
government  for  its  namesake 
county,  and  in  manufacturing,  mer- 
cantile and  banking  interests  stands 
well  at  the  front.  It  is  center  of  a 
valuable  citrus  and  deciduous  fruit 
section,  and  headquarters  for  tour- 
ists' visits  to  Squirrel  Inn,  Little 
Bear  Valley,  Bear  Valley,  Harlem 
and  Rabel  Hot  Springs,  Midway 
Springs  and  the  famous  Arrow- 
head Hot  Springs,  named  by  a 
Brobdignagian  arrowhead,  painted 
by  hand  of  nature  on  the  mountain 
side.  The  St.  Charles  and  the 
Stewart  Hotels  are  favored  places  of 
entertainment. 

SANTA  ANA  RIVER. 

In  the  suburbs  of  Colton,  shortly 
after  leaving,  the  train  passes  a  long 
bridge,  spanning  the  dry  bed  of  a 
water  course  rapidly  growing  up  to 
tangles  of  brushwood.  Before  the 
advent  of  irrigation  this  was  Santa 
Ana  River,  its  fountain  head  in  con- 
tact with  walls  of  San  Bernardino 
and  San  Gorgonio  Mountains;  its 
mouth,  in  San  Pedro  Bay. 

Mound  City— Alt.,  1055;  N.  O.,  1945  miles. 
Redlands  Junction— Alt.,  1142;  N.  O.,  1943 

miles.     Branch    line  of  Southern   Pacific 

Company  to  Redlands. 

REDLANDS  —  ^//.,    1350.      From 
Redlands  Junction  3  miles. 

From  Colton  this  unique  city, 
distant  eight  miles,  may  be  visited 
either  by  train  over  Southern 
Pacific  Company's  main  line,  via 
Redlands  Junction,  or  by  motor  of 


Broadway,  Los  Angeles 
U  estlake  Park,  Los  Angles 
Hotel  Van  Nuya,  Los  Angeles 
San  Gabriel  Mission 


same  Company,  via  the  city  of  San  Bernardino.  Whichever  route  you 
take,  you  will  be  glad  of  it. 

In  some  sort,  Redlands  is  an  after-thought  of  Riverside.  Orange- 
growing  successes  at  the  latter  could  hardly  fail  of  pointing  to  the  rich, 
chocolate-colored  lands  of  this  place  and  say,  "  ///  hoc  signo  vinces" 

The  successes  of  the  promoters  in  specially  high-class  navel  oranges 
must  have  surprised  them.  If  not,  then  they  were  more  self-possessed  than 
were  the  interested  onlookers.  Orange  culture  and  refinement  go  hand 
in  hand.  While  this  is  in  large  measure  true  of  all  branches  of  horti- 
culture, it  seems  specially  so  of  this.  Redlands  illustrates  the  theory. 
Casa  Loma  Hotel  is  sumptuous  and  popular,  and  the  Windsor  and  Baker 
are  also  well  approved. 

SMILEY  HEIGHTS. 

Smiley  Heights  is  a  suburban  attraction  of  Redlands.  A  most  restful 
and  satisfying  example  of  landscape  gardening  in  its  maturity. 

Brookside—Ml.,  1310;  N.  O.,  1941  miles. 
El  Casco— Alt.,  2420;  N.  O.,  1934  miles. 
Hinda— Alt.,  2189;  N.  O.,  1930  miles. 

MT.  SAN  GORGONIO 

(Popularly  Gray  Back)  is  companion  to  Mt.  San  Bernardino,  with  12,600 
feet  altitude. 

MT.  SAN  BERNARDINO 

at  the  north,  usually  snow-crowned,  with  11,800  feet  altitude,  is  seen 
from  the  cars,  beginning  as  far  west  as  Los  Angeles,  and  will  be  seen 
until  Indio  is  reached. 

BEAUMONT— Alt.,  256o;  X.  O.,  1925  miles. 

Beaumont  covers  the  crest  of  San  Gorgonio  Pass — a  name  given  to  a 
broad  cleft  from  east  to  west,  separating  the  San  Bernardino  Range,  that 
occupies  the  skyline  at  the  north,  from  the  San  Jacinto  Range,  that  fills 
the  field  of  southern  vision.  This  pass,  crowned  by  Beaumont,  connects 
the  valley  of  which  Los  Angeles  is  metropolis  with  the  ancient  sea-bed, 
on  border  of  which  Indio  has  been  planted.  Beaumont  and  Banning  are 
famed  for  production  of  peaches,  apricots  and  prunes,  and  are  also  in 
much  request  for  cure  of  certain  forms  of  pulmonary  disease. 

MT.  SAN  JACINTO 

at  the  south  is  nearly  always  mantled  in  white,  and  has  10,800  feet 
altitude. 

BANNING—^//.,  2317;  N.  O.,  1919  miles. 

Banning  in  most  respects  is  in  harmony  with  Beaumont,  with  perhaps 
some  advantage  in  fruit  production.  On  the  south,  right-hand  side  is  Mt. 
San  Jacinto,  altitude  10,800,  its  northern  buttresses  closely  skirted  by  the 
train  as  it  passes  on  its  eastward  mission.  Mt.  San  Jacinto,  in  romance 
the  scene  of  Alessandro's  murder  in  presence  of  Ramona,  his  wife. 


47 


CABAZON  —  Alt.,     1779;    N.     O., 
79 /j  miles. 

Fingal—\\\..,  1372;  N.  O.,  1909  miles. 

Cabazon  serves  a  useful  railway 
purpose,  and  commemorates  an 
Indian  tribe. 

SAN  GORGONIO  PASS. 

This  pass  is  essentially  morainish; 
commencing  at  and  even  before 
reaching  Cabazon  (eastward  look- 
ing) the  entire  space  between  the 
mountains  shows  the  erosive  work 
of  ice  and  water  from  Mt.  San  Ber- 
nardino —  granite  boulders  a  n  d 
granite  sands  everywhere;  such 
upon  the  surface,  with  depth  un- 
known. 

WHITE  WATER— Alt.,  1126;  N.  6>., 

7905  miles. 

Five  miles  westwardly  from  Palm 
Springs  the  train  will  cross  a  small, 
swiftly  flowing,  musical  stream, 
which  has  been  able  to  name  itself 
and  the  station  "White  Water." 
Nothing  but  "white  water"  here, 
but  that  is  enough.  It  is  a  memory 
of  old  times,  when  these  mountains 
at  the  north  were  sending  vast 
rivers  of  ice  to  the  lower  plains. 
Some  ice  yet  remains  to  be  found 
of  search,  with  babbling  white  water 
for  unerring  guide.  It  is  a  rivulet 
merely,  but  changeless  in  friend- 
ship—carries the  same  face  to  sum- 
mer and  winter  friends. 

HOG  WALLOWS. 

This  subheading  need  not  alarm 
the  hyper-esthetical.  It  shall  not 
point  the  way  to  any  treatment  of 
the  genus  sus.  In  many  portions 
of  our  country,  notably  on  the 
plains  between  Missouri  River  and 
Rocky  Mountains,  and  also  cover- 
ing much  of  San  Joaquin  Valley  in 
California,  may  be  seen  a  lenticu- 
lating  of  the  surface  by  oblong 


48 

mounds  raised  above  the  general  level  from  a  few  inches  to  two  or 
three  feet.  The  spaces  between  these  are  popularly  called  "  Hog 
Wallows,"  and  much  gray  brain  matter  has  been  disturbed  in  explaining 
them.  Usually  they  are  credited  to  the  work  of  burrowing  animals, 
chiefly  the  ground  squirrel  (sciurus  hermophilus)  as  to  California,  and  to 
the  prairie  dog  on  the  plains. 

On  the  contrary,  they  are  the  work  of  nature,  and  the  observant  traveler 
can  see  the  manufacture  in  progress  as  he  approaches  and  leaves  San  Gor- 
gonio's  Pass.  The  elements  are  a  steady  wind  in  one  direction,  movable 
sand  and  a  chance  shrub  for  nucleus.  The  lenticulation  is  produced  by 
the  longer  axis,  always  in  line  of  the  wind. 

PALM  SPRINGS— Alt.,  584;  N.  O.,  1899  miles. 

This    station,    planted    in   the    drifting 

Rimlon— Alt.,  345;  N.  O.,  1892  miles.  <^nr\*     nn    rainW:  horrler    of   a    thirct^ 

Dry  Ca»«/-Alt.,  163;  N.  O.,  1886  miles.  san.a*>»  on  rainless  border  oi  a  thirsty 
Myoma— Alt.,  65;  N.  O.,  1882  miles.  plain,  has  responded  to  the  gentle  min- 

istration  of    White   Water,  the   glacial 

stream  from  depths  of  Mt.  San  Bernardino,  and  presents  verdure  and 
bloom  and  music  oi  song  birds  to  passing  pilgrim. 

PALM  VALLEY. 

Five  miles  to  the  southward  of  Palm  Springs,  enfolded  in  the  granite 
walls  of  San  Jacinto,  shut  in  from  contact  with  desert  conditions,  is  a  small, 
romantic  valley  called  "  Palm,"  because  of  its  possession  by  a  luxuriant 
grove  of  date  palms — in  some  long-by  age,  ancestrally  planted  by  intelli- 
gent hand,  but  whose?  and  when?  Certainly  not  by  the  improvident, 
thriftless,  hand-to-mouth  natives  found  here  by  the  Spaniards  in  1537; 
hardly  by  the  ancestors  of  them. 

So  long  ago  as  350  years,  those  to  whom  Palm  Valley  must  have  been 
a  stronghold  had  passed  into  oblivion.  They  who  had  planted  and  fed 
upon  its  dates  and  bathed  in  its  healing  thermal  waters  had,  it  may  be  for 
a  thousand  years,  been  sleeping  with  their  fathers,  and  left  message  to 
none. 

This  valley  is  sure  to  have  growing  value  as  a  health  resort.  No 
unkindly  breath  of  ocean  can  reach  it;  no  desert  simoon  can  pass  its  por- 
tals. It  has  springs  of  water  for  drinking  and  domestic  use,  of  undoubted 
purity,  and  thermal  waters  for  bathing  that  are  health  giving  to  most,  and 
a  delight  to  all. 

HUMIDITY. 

The  non-humidity  of  Palm  Valley  is  a  world's  wonder.  Let  it  be 
remembered  that  complete  saturation  of  the  air  by  water  is  marked  100 
per  cent,  and  absolute  vaporless  air  by  0  per  cent.  That  10  per  cent  is  of 
rare  occurence,  even  in  the  arid  places  of  Arabia;  not  to  locate  a  high 
humidity  invidiously,  it  may  be  better  to  say,  the  average  humidity  of  the 
North  Atlantic,  as  reported  by  the  "Challenger,"  is  80  per  cent.  Now 
Palm  Valley  has  registered  as  low  as  9  per  cent,  with  an  average  of  15  per 
cent  only.  Not  much  atmospheric  water  here  for  benefit  of  the  thirsty 
pulmonary  tubercle.  Without  moisture  he  cannot  incubate.  Those  who 


49 


are  menaced  by  him  had  best  take 
notice.  Dr.  Welwood  Murray,  the 
presiding  good  Samaritan,  invites 
you. 

Its  vineyards  and  orchards  ripen 
a  harvest  more  than  thirty  days  in 
advance  of  the  general  season. 

I N  D 1 0— Alt. ,  -20;  N.O.,  1877  miles. 

Here  is  an  excellent  railway  sta- 
tion, a  superior  hotel  and  an  ap- 
proved sanitarium,  twenty  feet 
below  sea  level.  Evidence  that 
the  ocean,  and  from  geologic  stand- 
point not  so  very  long  ago,  covered 
the  site  of  this  station,  three  fathoms 
deep,  is  conclusive.  Its  autograph 
remains  upon  the  beach.  Abund- 
ant water  for  railway  and  domestic 
use  and  for  irrigation  is  obtained 
from  artesian  wells. 

The  healthful  condition  of  trees 
and  vines  and  flowering  and  forage 
plants  testifies  to  its  quality.  Res- 
piration at  Indio  is  easier  than  at  sea 
level  or  above  it.  Hotel  accommo- 
dations are  ample,  with  cottages  for 
all  who  desire  home  seclusion. 

MIRAGE. 

One  curious  effect  of  reflected 
sunlight,  atmosphere,  salt  and 
chlorine  gas,  always  to  be  seen  at 
points  between  Indio  and  Volcano 
Springs,  and  called  Mirage,  is  the 
appearance  of  a  beautiful  body  of 
water  at  the  south,  with  islands 
large  and  small,  trees  and  verdure, 
and  invitation  to  the  thirsty  to  come 
and  be  satisfied;  but  go  not,  for  it 
is  waterless — not  a  drop  to  be  had 
though  you  die  for  it. 

Thermal— ML,  -124;  N.  O.,  1870  miles. 
Walters— Alt.,  -195;  N.  O.,  1863  miles. 
Mortmere   (Dead   Sea)— Alt.,   -251;    N.   O., 
1858  miles. 

S ALTON— Alt.,  -263;  N.  O.,  1851 

miles. 

The  feature  here  is  salt  produc- 
ing. On  the  south  side  may  be 


50 

seen  certain  buildings  for  manipulating  and  storing  the  salt  (chloride 
of  sodium),  and  near  them  huge  piles  of  it  in  the  crude  state.  Then  a 
tramway,  leading  southward  to  a  lower  level,  where  the  salt  is  garnered. 
The  concentrated  brine  rises  through  the  earth  in  capillary  way,  the 
liquifying  water  is  driven  off  by  solar  heat,  and  a  crust  of  comparatively 
pure  table  salt  forms  in  readiness  for  the  saltman's  scraper  or  plow". 
From  windrows  (to  use  the  language  of  the  hay  field)  it  is  taken  by  cars 
on  tramway  to  the  works  at  Salton.  It  is  hard  to  realize  that  in  early  days 
the  ocean  surface  was  263  feet  above  your  head. 

VOLCANO  SPRINGS—^//.,  -225;  N.  O.,  1827  miles. 

It  will  be  noted  that  altitude  of  Volcano 

Dutmtd—Alt.,  -253;  N.  O.,  1846  miles.        C^rin^c    f-^n^U^c   th^    mimic     £mirac    of   99Pi 

nertraui-Ah.,  -254;  N.  o.,  1840  miles.  ?>pnngs  touches  trie  minus  figures  at  Zte 
/.-,  ,-t,k— Alt.,  -260;  N.  o.,  1885  miles.  feet  below  ocean  level. 

Five   miles   eastwardly  of  this  station 

the  train  enters  upon  a  remarkable  depression— the  dry  bed  of  an  ancient 
sea,  and  skirting  the  northern  rim  of  it,  with  lowest  depth  at  Salton, 
emerges  shortly  after  leaving  Indio.  This  Volcano  Springs  station  named 
itself  through  a  spring  of  sulphurous  mud  and  water,  of  temperature  to 
suggest  volcanic  fires.  In  other  parts  of  this  great  depression  scientists 
have  found  mud  springs,  or  solfataras,  of  incredible  heat  intensity.  One 
adventurous  person,  who  wanted  to  know  too  much,  traversed  the  elastic 
and  yielding  crust  until  the  growing  heat  had  penetrated  the  soles  of  his 
footwear  and  given  him  burns  that  well-nigh  made  him  a  cripple  for  life. 

MAMMOTH  TANK— Alt.,  257;  N.  O.,  1805  miles. 

MeSquite-Mt.,  294;  N.  o,  1794  miles.  Jhese  stations,  Pilot  Knob  to  Mammoth 
Giamis—\\\..,  331;  N.  o.,  1792  miles.  Tank,  accent  a  run  that  is  full  of  mter- 
Ogiiby— Alt.,  354;  N.  o..  1773  miles.  est  to  students  of  primal  conditions. 
Pn67  mUet  staHon~M^  ^  ;  N'  °"  The  prevailing  winds  are  from  the 

south,  and  in  absence  of  grass-growing 

sod,  waves  of  the  sandy  surface  are  rolled  up,  and  sent  northward  on  mis- 
sion of  destruction.  The  movement  is  slow — perhaps  limited  to  a  few  yards' 
distance  yearly — but  nothing  can  stay  its  progress.  These  sand  waves  are 
ten  to  twenty  feet  in  height,  and  in  their  progress  overwhelm  and  destroy 
plant  and  shrub,  leaving  a  desert  at  the  rear,  to  be  replanted  for  a  contest 
yet  to  come.  The  mountains  at  the  north  are  the  Chocolate,  a  spur  or 
extension  of  the  San  Bernardino  Range,  containing  many  valuable  mines 
of  gold  and  silver. 

These  stations  are  points  of  shipment  for  them. 

COLORADO  RIVER 

YUM  A— Alt.,  140;  N.  O.,  1757  miles. 

COLORADO  RIVER. 

Yuma  is  a  city  with  good  commercial  life,  enjoying  a  large  trade  in 
connection  with  mining  enterprises,  and  in  fostering  stock-raising  and 
agriculture. 


51 


It  is  well  supplied  with  daily 
papers,  and  has  the  conveniences 
and  luxuries  of  modern  cultivation. 
Substantial  blocks  of  brick  and 
stone  are  occupied  by  the  mer- 
chants, and  suitable  provision  is 
also  made  for  educational  purposes. 
Ample  hotel  accommodation  is  had 
at  the  Depot  Eating  House,  situated 
on  the  very  bank  of  the  Colorado, 
with  encircling  balconies  for  enjoy- 
ment of  guests. 

Advent  at  the  station  of  Yuma 
will  be  the  signal  for  assembling  of 
picturesque  natives  from  whom  it 
is  named,  each  intent  upon  his 
special  souvenir  traffic.  In  some 
cases  the  last  arrival  to  swell  the 
tribal  census,  kept  in  close  conceal- 
ment until  the  mother's  hand  is 
crossed  by  silver. 

These  Yumas  are  now  cultivating 
the  arts  of  peace,  and  too  well 
informed  ever  again  to  display  war 
paint;  but  they  have  a  record — in 
years  long  gone  —  of  biting  the 
hands  that  fed  them.  In  July, 
1781,  their  chief,  Palma,  led  them 
to  the  annihilation  of  two  mis- 
sions on  the  opposite,  or  west 
side  of  the  river,  and  massacred 
fifty  men,  women  and  children, 
including  priests  and  friars,  and 
one  captain  of  the  Spanish  Army, 
who  was  a  temporary  guest  en 
route  for  Mission  San  Gabriel,  near 
Los  Angeles. 

On  west  side  of  river,  and  north 
from  the  train,  a  cluster  of  ver- 
andahed  buildings  may  be  seen, 
originally  Fort  Yuma,  but  now 
devoted  to  the  higher  and  nobler 
purpose  of  education.  The  War 
Department  turned  them  over  to 
the  Interior,  and  this  established  in 
them  an  important  Indian  school. 
The  buildings  have  an  airy  and 
sightly  elevation.  Opposite  to  them 
across  the  river,  and  the  northerly 


52 

suburb  of  Yuma,  is  Arizona  territorial  prison.  The  turbid  Colorado  is 
crossed  on  a  substantial  bridge  of  steel,  with  draw  on  the  Yuma  side,  for 
passage  of  frequent  steam-propelled  vessels. 

Inspection  of  the  yellow,  flowing  tide  will  recall  the  primary  class- 
room and  juvenile  response  to  question:  "What  proportion  of  the 
earth's  surface  is  land,  and  what  is  water?"  Here  the  proportions  are 
reversed — more  land  than  water  passes  down  the  Colorado.  The  transfer 
of  real  estate  from  Wyoming,  Colorado,  Utah,  New  Mexico,  Arizona  and 
Nevada  may  well  account  for  the  salt  inland  sea  bed  at  Salton  and  Indio. 
The  delta  at  the  mouth  of  the  Colorado  finally  shoaled  the  Gulf  of  Cali- 
fornia at  its  head,  and  created  an  isthmus  where  a  narrow  tidal  channel 
had  connected  the  main  gulf  with  the  inland  extension.  Tide  water 
excluded,  a  sea  was  the  result,  which,  having  no  inflowing  streams,  by 
evaporation  in  the  order  of  nature,  became  dry  land,  a  salt  bed,  and  by 
happy  engineering,  a  bed  of  Southern  Pacific  Railway. 

The  atmosphere  is  less  desiccating  than  at  Indio,  or,  for  that  matter, 
less  than  at  any  contiguous  point  away  from  the  river.  Standing  upon 
the  bridge,  one  is  nearly  always  conscious  of  an  air  current,  conveying 
messages  from  the  Gulf  of  California.  Sixty -five  miles  to  the  north,  a 
conspicuous,  hat-shaped  peak  is  seen,  on  Arizona  side  the  river,  called 
Castle  Dome. 

On  western  or  California  side,  the  near-by  mountains  at  the  north  are 
called  Chocolate,  and  their  conspicuous  peak,  Chimney. 

Westward  of  Yuma,  for  five  miles,  is  a  bush-covered  river  valley,  with 
Indian  huts  and  feeble  attempts  at  agriculture  here  and  there;  Colorado 
River  in  pleasant  sight  at  the  southward;  the  conspicuous  mountain  called 
Pilot  Knob  in  near  vicinity  at  the  south.  This  landmark,  for  two  hun- 
dred years,  has  been  the  guide  of  Caucasian  wanderers  in  these  arid  plains. 

Blaisdell—\\\.,    171;    N.    O.,    1744    miles.  Adonde— N.  O.,  1723 miles.   Northof  Tacna, 

Shipping  point  for  valuable  gold  mine.  Adonde  and  Gila  City  the  Castle  Dome 

Gila  City — N.  O.,  1736  miles.  Range  is  seen,  and  Gila    Range  at  the 

Tacna— Alt.,  325;  N.  O.,  1714  miles.  south.      The   Gila    River  is  within   easy 

Mohawk  Summit — N.  O.,  1697  miles.     The  reach,  northerly,  of  all  stations  from  Yuma 

mountains  at  the  south  are  the  Mohawk  to  Gila  Bend,  and  is   frequently  in   sight 

Range.  from  passing  train. 

TEXAS  HILL— Alt.,  353;  N.  O.,  1691  miles. 

Texas  Hill,  showing  as  a  triangle;  in  the 
3S£^.<8,Sa?AJS'  mileS'  distance,  northerly,  Eagle  Tail  Mountains; 

south,  Lumas  Negras  Mountains  and  Sierra 
of  Cabeza  Rita  and  Mohawk  Range. 

SENTINEL—^//.,  688;  N.  O.,  1664  miles. 

Near  Sentinel  occurred  the  massacre  of  Roys  Oatman  family  by  Tonto 
Apaches,  while  en  route  with  an  ox  team  from  Independence,  Mo.,  to  Cali- 
fornia, February,  1851.  With  exhausted  team,  and  themselves  at  the  last 
extremity  of  suffering  for  water,  they  were  striving  to  reach  the  Gila. 
Suddenly,  with  fiendish  whoops,  the  Apaches  fell  upon  them,  killing  the 
parents  and  four  children,  and  left  Lorenzo,  a  boy  of  fourteen,  for  dead; 
but  he  recovered,  and  years  afterward  was  reunited  to  his  sister  Olive, 


53 


who  had  been  adopted  by  the  tribe 
and  held  under  compulsion.  The 
prisoners  were  Olive,  aged  sixteen, 
and  Mary  Ann,  six  years  younger. 
She  survived  savage  brutality  but  a 
few  days,  and  the  elder  sister,  with 
tears  of  thankfulness  at  her  release 
from  suffering,  gave  burial  to  her  at 
the  midnight  hour. 

From  Sentinel,  northerly,  are  the 
Big  Horn  Mountains;  those  at  the 
south,  Sierra  Colorado. 

Painted  Rock—H.  O.,  1651  miles. 

Gila  fiend— Ah.,  737;  N.  O.,  1635  miles. 

ESTRELLA  —  Alt.,   1521;    N.    O., 
1616  miles. 

The  increase  of  altitude  at  Es- 
trella  over  that  of  Gila  Bend  will  be 
noted.  It  amounts  to  784  feet. 
The  railway  line  here,  for  a  dis- 
tance of  25  miles,  crosses  a  spur  of 
the  Maricopa  Divide  Range. 

The  mountains  at  the  north  are 
Hassayampa  Range,  and  to  the 
south  a  continuation  of  Maricopa 
Divide  Range. 


MARICOPA  —  ^//.,    1173;    N.    O., 

1592  miles. 

Northerly  are  the  Santa  Estrella 
Mountains  and  the  Chimneys; 
northwest,  the  White  Mountains; 
and  south  an  extension  of  Mari- 
copa Divide. 

Maricopa  is  junction  point  of 
Maricopa  and  Phoenix  and  Salt 
River  Valley  Railway.  The  dis- 
tance to  Phoenix  is  thirty-four  miles, 
with  romantic  Tempe  en  route, 
and,  by  a  branch  line  from  Tempe, 
Mesa  City  can  be  visited. 

The  interests  involved  are  of  such 
importance,  there  is  ample  reason 
for  an  inspection  of  Salt  River 
Valley. 


ludio 

Indio 

A  Sea  of  Salt 

Salt  Plowine,  Salton 


54 

G I L  A  RIVE  [{—From  Marie opa  7  miles . 

The  length  of  the  bridge  over  this  river,  and  of  the  approach  to 
it,  seem  absurd  when  you  look  downward  in  search  of  water,  and  end 
the  quest  in  search  of  dampness.  Upon  occasion  there  is  water,  but 
angel  visits  are  quite  as  frequent.  Deep  flowing,  it  can  be  found  of 
search;  but  pioneers  higher  up  the  stream,  at  Solomonville,  Stafford,  San 
Carlos  Indian  Reservation,  Florence,  Sacaton,  and  a  hundred  other 
thirsty  places  have  struggled  for  possession  of  this  key  to  fertility,  and  the 
only  safety  was  in  diving. 

TEMPE — From  Maricopa  26  miles. 

It  was  a  happy  thought  to  start  this  place  on  the  road  to  popular  favor 
with  suggestion  that  it  emulates  Thessalia  in  sylvan  beauty  and  atmos- 
pheric delights;  and,  as  you  will  find,  the  whole  land  is  redolent  of  clover 
bloom  and  vocal  of  song  birds.  It  has  attracted  to  itself  the  normal 
school  of  Arizona,  and  has  notable  creameries  and  apiaries,  and  indus- 
trial enterprises  in  large  variety,  with  great  breadth  of  fruitful  orchards, 
groves  and  vineyards. 

SALT  RIVER. 

The  priceless  benefactor  of  the  valley  it  names.  Originally,  more 
than  three  hundred  and  fifty  years  ago,  by  the  earliest  visiting  Spaniards,  it 
was  called  Rio  Salado  (the  salted  river),  and  it  so  appears  on  some  ancient 
maps.  It  and  its  tributaries  have  distant  sources — the  Salt  in  the  western 
mountain  fastnesses  of  New  Mexico  and  the  forest  interior  of  Arizona, 
and  the  Verde  (its  principal  tributary)  is  born  of  the  pine  highlands  of 
Northern  Arizona.  It  borders  "  Tempe  "  as  the  "  Peneus  "  bordered  its 
Hellenic  prototype;  and  the  train,  outgoing  to  Phoenix,  passes  it  in  the 
suburbs. 

PHGENIX — From  Maricopa  34  miles. 

This  progressive  city  is  seat  of  government  for  Maricopa  County  and 
for  Territory  of  Arizona.  It  is  centrally  located  in  Salt  River  Valley,  and 
surrounded  by  a  wide  reach  of  tributary  country,  as  rich  as  ETelta  of  the 
Nile.  It  is  rejuvenating  to  traverse  this  land  and  see  the  herds  feeding 
upon  alfalfa,  not  infrequently  breast  high,  and  to  hear  the  carols  of  more 
song  birds  than  have  blessed  a  lifetime.  The  land  is  fat,  producing 
cereals  and  fruit,  "corn  and  wine,"  responding  with  prompt  affirmative 
to  all  demands.  Phoenix  is  the  metropolis  of  Arizona  and  the  immediate 
commercial  and  financial  center  of  more  than  six  hundred  square  miles  of 
irrigable  land,  than  which  the  wrorld  contains  none  of  higher  possible  pro- 
duction. 

The  city  lacks  no  essential  element  of  urban  life.  It  has  electricity  for 
motive  power  and  lighting;  street  cars  that  are  modern,  moved  by  elec- 
tricity over  twenty-seven  miles  of  rail;  well-metaled  streets,  and  sidewalks 
to  endure;  several  well-edited  daily  papers;  graded  schools;  banks  and 
court-houses;  and  a  noble  pile  for  territorial  uses,  and  of  the  State  that  is 
to  be;  churches  to  foster  any  form  of  latter-day  religious  faith;  a  noble 
school  for  Indian  youths,  with  attendance  of  eight  hundred,  contributed 


from  various  tribes  of  Arizona  and 
the  Pacific  Coast;  and  last  of  all,  to 
travelers  of  first  importance,  hotels 
likely  to  suit  the  most  exacting — 
chief  of  these  Hotel  Adams,  a  satis- 
fying caravansary. 

MESA  CITY— From  Tempejmiles. 

On  the  return  it  will  be  well  to 
take  the  divergent  track  at  Tempe 
for  a  seven-mile  run  to  Mesa  City. 
This  municipality  was  the  pioneer 
work  of  Mormons — each  holding 
intended  to  be  a  full  block  on  the 
urban  plat.  The  arrivals  and  de- 
partures of  fifty  years  have  sub- 
divided some  of  these,  but  the  city 
is  specially  bright  and  fragrant  from 
bloom,  and  in  no  spot  wanting  for 
noon-tide  shade. 

To  return  now  to  Maricopa  and 
a  continuance  of  our  Sunset  trans- 
continental trip. 

SWEET     WATER— A7:     0.,     1583 

miles. 

Irrigation  by  canals  from  the 
Gila,  near  Florence,  more  than 
twenty  miles  distant,  begins  at 
Sweet  Water  and  will  be  noted  in 
greater  or  less  degree  nearly 
twenty  miles,  to  a  point  south  of 
Arizola. 

CASA  GRANDE—^//.,  1396;  N.  O., 
7577  miles. 

Special  interest  touches  this  point, 
as  from  here  trips  by  stage  are 
made  to  the  ruins  of  Casa  Grande 
(Chichilticale)  sixteen  miles  dis- 
tant, by  a  run  of  two  hours  north- 
easterly. 

An  authority  of  note  says :  ' '  Casa 
Grande  is  one  of  the  most  interest- 
ing remains  of  prehistoric  age  to  be 
found  on  the  continent." 

The  first  recorded  visit  was  that 
of  Cabeza  de  Vaca  in  1537,  and 
two  years  later  Don  Francisco  de 


S.  P.  Bridge,  Yuma 
8.  P.  Hotel,  Yuma 
Gila  River 
Arizona  Cactus 


56 

Coronado,  Spanish  governor  of  New  Galicia,  visited  and  named  them 
Casa  Grande.  The  Indians  at  that  time,  360  years  ago,  had  no  traditions 
reaching  backward  to  the  builders.  The  foundations  measure  420x260 
feet,  and  elevation  was  four  stories,  measuring  severally  from  below,  13,  9, 
8  and  8  feet.  It  was  heavily  timbered  within,  but  of  these  nothing 
remains,  save  holes  where  they  occupied  wall  space.  No  Indians  known 
to  our  history  could  have  erected  this  pile.  Is  Casa  Grande  kindred  to 
Palm  Valley  in  origin  ?  The  traveler  will  recall  the  historic  remains  of 
Palm  Valley,  near  Indio. 

Cababi  Mountains  and  Casa  Grande  Range  at  the  south. 

The  country  about  Arizola  (and  as  well  that  of  Casa  Grande)  is 
irrigated  by  water  drawn  from  the  Gila,  near  Florence;  the  principal  canal 
has  a  length  of  more  than  twenty  miles,  and  the  system  includes  an 
immense  reservoir. 

Arizola— Alt.,  1433;  N.  O.,  1569  miles.  Red  Rock—k\l.,   1865;  N.   O.,   1539    miles. 

To/tec— N.  O.,  1562  miles.  North  of  Toltec  and  Red  Rock  the  moun- 

Rillito—N.  O.,  1524  miles.  tains    are    Sierra    Tortilla,    with    Desert 

Cortaro—N.  O.,  1518  miles.  Peak;    at  the  south,    Picacho    Peak    and 

faynes— N.  O.,  1513  miles.  Cababi. 

TUCSON— Alt.,  2390;  .V.  O.,  1506  miles. 

MISSION  SAN  XAYIER  BAG. 

Tucson  and  the  Mission  nine  miles  distant  have  a  recorded  history 
reaching  to  the  year  1700.  The  place  they  occupy,  however,  was  visited 
by  Coronado  and  Niza  one  hundred  and  sixty  years  before  that — 
1539-1540.  The  country  swarmed  with  Indians — Pimas,  Papagoes,  Coco- 
Maricopas  and  others,  and  in  1732  Father  Segasser,  a  German  priest,  took 
charge  of  the  Mission,  which  had  been  founded  by  the  celebrated  eccle- 
siastic, Father  Kino,  and  named  San  Xavier  Bac.  Divine  service  has 
never  died  at  San  Xavier  Bac;  continues  to  this  day,  but  the  Indians  are  not. 

Originally  Tucson  was  pendent  to  the  Mission — in  church  records 
called  "  Visita,"  a  sort  of  supply  ranch  or  farm  for  cereals  and  stock  and 
recruiting  field  for  neophytes;  civilization  and  Christianity  did  not  agree 
with  those  poor  children  of  the  desert — they  died  by  thousands;  and  this, 
however,  was  also  true  of  the  irreclaimable  savage. 

Now,  it  is  a  well-built  opulent  city,  retaining  some  of  its  old-time 
architecture,  with  advantage  to  picturesque  effect.  The  United  States 
conducts  an  experimental  agricultural  station  in  the  vicinity,  and  land 
office  for  the  district  is  also  located  here. 

The  Territorial  University  is  also  tributary  to  its  attractions. 

It  has  fine  churches,  schools  and  business  blocks,  and  a  sumptuous 
building  for  its  public  library.  Its  leading  bank,  with  one  million  dollars 
on  deposit,  stands  at  the  head  of  such  institutions  in  Arizona. 

San  Xavkr  Hotel  and  Eating  House  salutes  you  as  you  step  from  the 
train,  and  offers  the  reward  of  good  cheer  and  comfort  to  all  who  stop. 
Other  places  of  public  entertainment  are  within  the  choice  of  visitors. 

Tucson  is  well  entitled  to  make  strong  claims  for  its  own  healthfulness, 
and  for  wondrous  records  made  by  near-by  mountain  resorts. 

The  picturesque  mountains  at  the  north  are  Santa  Catarina,  and  at  the 
west,  Sierra  Tucson. 


57 


A  stream,  Santa  .  Cruz  River, 
borders  the  city  of  Tucson,  coming 
to  it  from  Sonoran  Mountains  at 
the  south.  Mission  San  Xavier 
Bac  is  on  its  bank,  nine  miles  south 
of  Tucson.  This  river  echoed  a 
tread  of  Spanish  conquistadors  as 
early  as  1540.  It  sinks  from  sight 
shortly  after  leaving  Tucson,  and  is 
reputed  to  flow  underground  to  the 
Gila  near  Maricopa,  more  than  one 
hundred  miles  distant. 

Wilmot—'N.  O.,  1499  miles. 

Esmond— -N.  O.,  1492  miles. 

Vail—N.  O.,  1487  miles.  Vail  is  an  impor- 
tant shipping  point  for  copper  and  other 
minerals,  and  also  for  cattle. 

PANTANO  —  Alt.,    3536;    N.     O., 

1478  miles. 

The  stream  that  borders  Pan- 
tano,  and  was  crossed  by  you 
shortly  before  reaching  that  station, 
is  called  the  Cienega,  and  reaches 
the  San  Pedro  at  the  north,  through 
Turkey  Creek,  and  finally  to  be- 
come an  affluent  of  the  Gila. 

The  mountains  westerly  from 
Pantano  are  the  Santa  Catarina, 
and  southerly  the  Santa  Rita. 

Kadmon—m.  O.,  1472  miles. 
Mescal— N.  O.,  1467  miles. 
Chamiso—N.  O.,  1462  miles. 

BENSON—^.,  3578;  N.  O.,  1458 

miles. 

This  town  is  less  noted  for  its  archi- 
tecture and  commercial  life  than  for 
its  connection  by  rail  of  New  Mexico 
and  Arizona  Railroad  with  Nogales, 
and  thence  by  Sonora  Railway 
(Ltd.)  with  Guaymas,  on  the  Gulf  of 
California,  via  Hermosillo;  and 
also  by  another  line,  the  Arizona  and 
South-eastern  Railroad,  with  Bis- 
bee,  the  city  owned  by  the  cele- 
brated Copper  Queen  Company, 
distant  fifty-five  miles.  Mountains 
to  the  north  are  Caliuro  Range  and 
El  Riricon;  at  the  south  the  Whet- 
stone Range. 


:":     : 


Arizona's  Capitol 
Irrigating  Canals  near  Pha 


58 

Stations  on  New  Mexico  and   Arizona  Railway  —  Benson  to   Nogales. 

Fairbank — From  Benson  19  miles.  Crittenden — From  Benson  59  miles. 

Huachuca — From  Benson  30  miles.      Fort        Patagonia — From  Benson  62  miles. 
Huachuca  is  near  this  station. 

NOGALES— From  Benson  89  miles. 

The  name  of  this  city  leaves  a  pleasant,  nutty  flavor  on  the  tongue — 
and  of  right,  since  it  is  the  Spanish  word  for  the  walnut  trees  that  bear 
them.  More  than  ordinarily  picturesque  is  this  walnut-grove  town,  with 
fine  public  buildings  and  well-constructed  business  blocks.  The  resi- 
dences upon  the  rising  grounds  above  the  commercial  streets  are  beauti- 
ful in  architecture  and  many-colored  half-tone  paints.  Hotel  Montezuma 
is  well  conducted  and  homelike. 

Continuing  this  Benson-Guaymas  Line  to  Terminal  of  Sonora 
Railway  (Ltd.). 

Cardo--From  Benson  153  miles.  Ortiz — From  Benson  323  miles. 

Hermosillo — From  Benson  263  miles.  Guaymas — From  Benson  353  miles. 

Torres—  From  Benson  289  miles. 

SAN  PEDRO  RIVER. 

Resuming  the  main  line  and  leaving  Benson,  the  rails  span  a  water- 
course that  has  a  history,  although  its  volume  speaks  in  whispers.  This 
is  the  San  Pedro;  rising  in  the  mountains  of  Sonora  at  the  south,  it  pur- 
sues a  devious  course  northerly,  and  empties  into  the  Gila. 

It  was  along  the  banks  of  this  river  and  those  of  its  birthplace  twin, 
the  Santa  Cruz,  met  by  you  at  Tucson,  that  the  military  and  exploring 
parties  of  1540,  under  Coronado  and  others,  coming  from  Mexico,  sought 
to  achieve  Cibola. 

DRAGOON—^//.,  4614;  N.  O.,  1437  miles. 

Caliuro  Range  at  the  north  and  Dragoon  at  the  south. 

CACHISE— Alt.,  4222;  N.  O.,  1427  miles. 

Cachise  is  shipping  point  for  celebrated  Pierce  mining  district,  cover- 
ing gold,  silver  and  copper  production.  Dragoon  Mountains  at  the  south. 
Between  Cachise  and  Willcox  the  train  traverses  a  notable  alkali  flat — all 
that  remains  of  a  former  lake. 

WILLCOX—^//.,  4164;  N.  O.,  1416  miles. 

Southwesterly  from  Willcox  can  be  seen  the  rich,  metal-producing 
Dragoon  Mountains. 

In  the  cattle  world,  as  well  as  in  the  mineral,  Willcox  occupies  large 
space.  Its  herds  range  over  a  bovine  empire;  and  upon  occasion  cones 
and  cubes  and  ingots  of  copper  and  the  precious  metals  obstruct  pedes- 
trianism  at  the  station. 

RAILROAD  PASS— N.  O.,  1408  miles. 

The  small  water  course  near  here  is  called  Dos  Cabesas  Creek;  moun- 
tains at  the  north,  Pinaleno  Range;  these  include  Mt.  Graham  and  Fort 
Grant;  at  the  south  the  Chirichua  Range. 


BOWIE— Alt.,  3759;   N.    O.,    1392 

miles. 

Bowie  is  junction  point  of  Gila 
Valley,  Globe  and  Northern  Rail- 
way, extending  northerly  through 
the  rich  Gila  Valley  to  Copper 
Mining  Globe,  124  miles  away. 
This  latter  metal  produce  is  of  the 
richest.  Northerly  .from  Bowie  is 
the  Pinaleno  Range,  and  at  the 
south  the  Chir-ic-huas.  These  and 
the  neighboring  Dragoon  Moun- 
tains for  many  years  were  the  re- 
sort of  Cachise  and  his  blood-thirsty 
followers. 

The  traveler  will  be  glad  to  know 
a  well-kept  hotel  and  eating-house 
awaits  him  at  Bowie. 


Bowie   to   Globe    by    Gila   Valley, 
Globe  and  Northern  Railway. 

Solomonville — From  Bowie  35  miles. 

Safford — From  Bowie  40  miles. 

Thatcher — From  Bowie  43  miles. 

Fort  Thomas— From  Bowie  62  miles. 

Getonimo — From  Bowie  68  miles. 

San  Carlos — From  Bowie  94  miles.    Indian 

school  of  note. 
Rice—  From  Bowie  105  miles.     Indian  school 

of  great  magnitude. 
Globe — From    Bowie    124  miles.      Famous 

center  of  copper,  and  other  mining. 

SAN  SIMON— Alt.,  3609;    N.    O., 

1376  miles. 

The  striking  mountain  range  at 
the  south  is  Chir-ic-hua.  It  re- 
quires but  little  imagination  at  fa- 
vorable point  of  view  to  see  outlines 
of  a  recumbent  giant,  resting  upon 
the  mountain  crest.  This  is  Monte- 
zuma,  awaiting  an  imperial  restora- 
tion that  delays  its  coming.  At  the 
north  are  Peloncillo  Mountains. 

SANZ  RIVER. 

When  the  lower  levels  are 
reached  after  passing  San  Simon, 
evidences  will  be  abundant  that 
upon  occasion  waters  run  wild 


Casa  Grande  Ruins 
Casa  Grande  Ruins 
San  Xavier  Mission 
Interior  San  Xavier  Mission 


60 

across  the   railway   track.      This   is    bed   of   Sanz   River.      Of  ancient 
date  has  right  of  way,  and  now  and  again  struggles  to  enforce  it. 

STEINS  PASS— Alt,  4351;  N.  O.,  1361  miles. 

Steins  Pass  is  the  first  station  in  New  Mexico; 
PX™oduthIOUntamS  at  ascending  the  grade  eastward  going,  a  short  distance 

before  arriving  at  Steins  Pass,  a  wayside  legend,  on 
opposite  sides,  will  read  "  Arizona — New  Mexico." 

Pyramid — N.  O.,  1347  miles.    Named  for  Pyramid  Mountains  at  the  south. 

LORDSBURG— Alt:,  4245;  N.  O.,  1342  miles. 

The  mountains  at  the  north  are  Burro,  and  at  the  south  Pyramid. 

Lordsburg  is  junction  point  of  Arizona  and  New  Mexico  Railway,  that 
extends  seventy-one  miles  to  Clifton,  and  the  rich  copper  mines  in  that 
vicinity.  In  railway  operating  it  is  a  busy  line  of  industry,  and  its  tribu- 
tary country,  in  mines  and  pasturage,  needs  reasonable  development  only 
to  make  this  a  feature  of  New  Mexico's  progress. 

Lisbon— N.  O.,  1332  miles.  Gage—A\t.,  4488;  N.  O.,  1302  miles.    South 

Separ— Alt.,  4503;  N.  O.,  1323  miles.     North  of  Tunis  and    Gage  are  Victoria  Moun- 

are   Burro  Mountains,  and  south  Sierra  tains.      They   contain    silver    deposits 

de  las  Animas  and  Coyote  Peak  in  the  awaiting  appreciation  of  that  metal  before 

Hachita  Mountains.  exploitation. 

Wilna—N.  O.,  1311  miles.  Tunis— N.  O.,  1290  miles. 

DEM  ING— Alt.,  4334;  N.  O.,  128 2  miles. 

The  Mimbre  Range  of  mountains  lies  north  of  Deming,  and  south  are 
Red  Mountain  and  Florida  Peak. 

Deming  is  a  thriving  city,  with  valuable  resources  in  mines  and  cattle. 
Contiguous  to  the  station  grounds,  easterly  and  northerly,  will  be  seen 
some  large  buildings  used  for  preparing  canaigre  for  tanning  purposes. 
This  plant  is  native  to  New  Mexico,  Arizona,  Western  Texas  and  a  part 
of  California;  has  broad,  dock-like  leaves  and  fleshy  roots  or  tubers. 
The  value  lies  in  the  latter,  which  are  exceptionally  rich  in  tannin. 

Plantations  of  canaigre  are  being  cultivated  in  California,  Arizona  and 
Texas. 

Travelers  should  know  the  eating-house  at  Deming  is  one  of  superior 
excellence. 

The  elevated  table  land,  entered  upon  by  you  at  Tucson,  extends, 
with  pleasing  variety  of  outline,  until  you  reach  Strauss,  a  distance  of 
three  hundred  miles.  It  is  well  clothed  in  bunch  grass  and  other  forage 
plants,  and  in  season  illuminated  by  flowers.  Its  cattle-range  value  is 
reduced  by  want  of  accessible  water,  not  obtainable  from  any  sources  on 
the  surface,  but  will  be  at  some  future  time  from  underlying  reservoirs. 
The  rich  bunch  grass,  so  thickly  standing  it  may  be  cut  for  hay,  will 
yet  be  cropped  by  artesian-watered  herds.  Before  advent  of  terror- 
inspiring  locomotive  it  was  frequented  by  antelope  and  deer,  and  by 
wolves  and  coyotes,  and,  upon  occasion,  the  more  courageous  of  these  are 
still  seen.  Deming  is  terminal  point  of  Santa  Fe  from  Rincon  at  the 
north,  and  has  branch  line  forty-eight  miles  to  Silver  City. 


61 


Zuni—N.  O.,  1271  miles.  North  the  moun- 
tains are  Good  Sight,  and  south  the 
Florida  Mountains. 

Camdrav—N.  O.,  1256  miles.  At  the  south 
Providence  Cone;  north  Cerro  Magdalena. 

Aden— Alt.,  4391;  N.  O.,  1243  miles. 

Afton—N.  O.,  1231  miles. 

Lanark— -N.  O.,  1222  miles.  South  of  Lan- 
ark the  mountains  are  Sierra  del  Potrillo. 

Strauss  —  Alt.,  4083;  N.  O.,  1209  miles. 
Northerly,  viewed  from  Rogers  and 
Strauss,  is  a  fine  valley  vista  bordering 
the  Rio  Grande. 

Rogers-  Alt.,  3728;  N.  O.,  1199  miles. 

RIO  GRANDE— JV.  O.  1197  miles. 

This  historic  stream,  flowing 
from  gold  and  silver  mountains 
of  Colorado,  and  onward,  at  El 
Paso  becoming  a  living  aqueous 
line  between  Republics  of  United 
States  and  Mexico,  shows  but  trace 
of  the  broad  and  deep  current  that 
belongs  to  it  by  birthright.  At  all 
points  since  it  left  its  cradle,  eager 
hands  have  seized  upon  and  appro- 
priated its  substance,  and  now,  at 
this  crossing,  a  superb  steel  bridge 
seems  almost  superfluous.  Hardly 
more  than  dampness  has  been  left 
to  its  bed,  and  the  legal  holding 
may  be  covered  by  railway  term, 
"right  of  way."  Give  respectful 
salute  to  it;  impoverished  that  many 
might  be  fed.  On  leaving  the 
bridge  an  underlying  line  of  railway 
will  be  crossed — this  is  the  Santa 
Fe,  from  the  north. 

EL  PASO— All.,  3713;  N.  O.,  1194 

miles. 

El  Paso,  being  the  pass,  the  door 
to  everywhere  from  ends  of  the 
earth,  was  visited  early  by  adven- 
turous Onate,  a  Spanish  com- 
mander, with  a  large  party,  who 
speaks  of  it,  of  date  fourth  of  May, 
1598;  shortly  after  this  the  initial 
steps  were  taken  to  found  a  church, 
which  it  may  be  hoped  you  will 
visit — the  walls  mellowed  and  rip- 
ened by  their  three  hundred  years. 


Mines  near  Marfa  • 
Del  Rio 
Fort  Hancock 
Devil's  River 


When  this  church  was  constructed,  by  labor  of  Indian  neophytes, 
both  sides  the  Rio  Grande  were  El  Paso;  but  now,  that  river 
being  boundary  line  between  United  States  and  Mexico,  with  becoming 
modesty  the  Mexicans  concede  "El  Paso"  to  our  city  at  the  northerly 
side,  and  the  south  has  become  Ciudad  Juarez,  in  honor  of  its  patriot 
president.  Time  permitting,  by  all  means  take  a  seat  in  tram  car  (mule 
propelled)  and  visit  old  Mexico.  See  a  fair  sample  of  pocotiempo  and 
mafiana;  fail  not  of  the  church,  its  worship  and  the  adjuncts  of  it,  in  no 
essentials  changed  since  its  first  incense  arose,  three  hundred  years  ago. 

The  city  has  a  virile  business  life;  its  people  aggressive,  wide-awake, 
ready  to  seize  upon  favorable  opportunities  and  make  the  most  of  what 
Providence  awards.  There  are  many  noble  public  buildings,  United 
States  custom  house  and  court  building,  hospitals,  churches,  banks  and 
mercantile  houses  and  hotels. 

Notable  among  its  enterprises,  the  mammoth  smelting  works  in  west- 
ern suburbs. 

It  is  the  western  terminus  of  Texas  and  Pacific  Railway.  Is  reached 
by  Chicago,  Rock  Island  and  Texas  and  by  Atchison,  Topeka  and  Santa 
Fe  from  the  north,  and  Mexican  Central  from  the  south,  and  by  Rio 
Grande,  Sierra  Madre  and  Pacific  Railway  from  the  gold  placers  of  the 
Yaqui,  and  connected  with  both  Atlantic  and  Pacific  worlds  by  lines  of 
Southern  Pacific  Company. 

Eastward  from  El  Paso  the  railway  time  is  Central,  and   two   hours 
faster  than  Pacific,  which  "  rules  the  rail  "  out  of  San  Francisco  to  El  Paso. 

Northeasterly  the  mountains  are  Victoria,  in  Sierra  Huego  Range,  and 
those  more  distant,  respectively,  called  Jarrilla,  Sacramento  and  Guad- 
alupe;  and  northerly,  the  Organ  Mountains. 

Alfalfa-  -Alt. ,3689;  N.  O.,  1188  miles.  Fabens— Alt.,  3614;  N.  O.,  1166  miles. 

Ysleta— Alt.,  3664;  N.  O.,  1182  mites.  Rio  Grande— Alt.,  3464;  N.  O.,  1155  miles. 

Belen—\\\..,  3645;  N.  O.,  1178  miles.  Iser—  N.  O.,  1149  miles. 
San  Elizario—PAt.,  3630;  N.  O.,  1173  miles. 

FORT  HANCOCK—^//.,  3519;  N.  a,  1141  miles. 

The  military  post  called  Fort  Hancock  is  near  the  bank  of  Rio  Grande, 
about  one  mile  south  of  the  station,  but  plainly  visible.  The  elevated 
bluff  on  Mexican  side  the  river  is  beautifully  marked  by  weathering  of 
crystalline  strata,  that  when  plastic,  under  pressure,  were  forced  into 
a  zizzag  or  chevron  formation  called  dancette.  Marvelous  object  lesson 
for  weavers'  shuttle  or  for  broiderers'  deft  needle. 

Madden— N.  O.,  1132  miles. 
Finlay—  Alt.,  3945;  N.  O.,  1124  miles. 
Small—  N.  O.,  1119  miles. 

MALONE— N.  O.,  m5miles. 

Grade  necessities  at  Malone  have  created  some  beautiful  horse-shoe 
curves,  with  sentimental  suggestions  of  good  luck  to  those  who  traverse 
them.  One  enthusiastic,  beauty-gathering  New  Yorker  wanted  to  take 
them  home  with  him. 

Etholen-N.  O.,  1107  miles.  Lasca— N.  O.,  1111  miles. 


SIERRA     BLANCA  —  Alt.,     4512; 

N.  O. ,  1 1 02  miles. 

Sierra  Blanca  marks  the  junction 
of  Texas  and  Pacific  from  its  north- 
ern terminal  at  Texarkana,  and  is 
ninety-three  miles  from  El  Paso. 
The  name  was  suggested  by  some 
singularly  white  mountains  in  the 
vicinity,  clothed  in  restful,  cream- 
colored  drab,  but  incongruously 
leaning  to  vanities  of  worldlings  in 
lines  of  bright  red  where  the 
"quaker"  has  been  washed  away  by 
some  chance  down-flowing  current. 
At  various  points  on  the  line  be- 
tween Sierra  Blanca  and  Marfa 
prairie  dogs  will  be  abundantly 
seen,  and  not  unfrequently,  bands  of 
antelope  also.  Mountains  south  of 
Sierra  Blanca  are  Quitman  and  the 
Sierra  Blanca;  and  northerly  Carizo 
Mountains,  and  in  middle  distance 
Sierra  del  Diablo,  and  far  away  the 
Guadalupe  Range. 

Grayton—N.  O.,  1092  miles. 
Torbert—N.  O.,  1084  miles. 
Dalberg—PM..,  4188;  N.  O.,  1074  miles. 
Callado—N.  O.,  1070  miles. 
Fay— Alt.,  4013;  N.  O.,  1066  miles. 
Lobo—N.  O.,  1061  miles. 
Volga— N.  O.,  1058  miles. 
OnV— Alt.,  4082;  N.  O.,  1050  miles. 
Wendell--^.  O.,  1042  miles. 

VALENTINE—^//.,    4424;    N.    O., 
1034  miles. 

The  elevated  grazing  plains  oc- 
cupied by  Valentine  are  full  of 
scenic  interest,  covered  by  a  brown 
carpet  of  sustaining  grass,  here 
and  there  large  herds  of  cattle,  and 
with  reasonable  frequency  exciting 
bands  of  antelope;  and,  for  joy  of 
the  youngsters,  colonies  of  prairie 
dogs,  burrowing  within  the  lines  of 
railway  reservation  even,  as  asking, 
"  Who's  afraid?  " 

Quebec— -N.  O.,  1026  miles.     A  small  stream 

at  Quebec  is  called  Live  Oak  Creek. 
Ryan— Alt.,  4746;  N.  O.,  1018  miles. 
Aragon—m.  O.,  1008  miles. 


Paisano  Pasa 
Horseshoe  Curve 
Bio  Grande  Canyon 
Alon?  the  Rio  Grande 


64 

MAR  FA — Alt.,  4692;  N.  0.^998  miles. 
FORT  DAVIS. 

The  mountains  northerly  are  Sierra  del  Muerto  and  Apache;  in 
the  heart  of  them  is  Fort  Davis,  on  Pine  Creek,  an  affluent  of  the  Pecos. 

For  large  game,  bear  and  mountain  lions  or  panthers,  del  Muerto  and 
Apache  are  famous.  The  most  noted  peak  is  Livermore,  rising  to  8332  feet 
elevation.  These  ranges  are  well  wooded,  and  offer  rare  sport  to  huntsmen. 

Marfa  is  a  place  of  more  than  ordinary  interest;  is  seat  of  justice  for 
Presidio  County;  has  a  court-house  that  might  grace  a  metropolis.  The 
surrounding  country  is  fine  grazing  land,  and  in  the  not-distant  north,  a 
spur  of  Sierra  del  Muerto  runs  parallel  to  the  railway.  Between  Marfa 
and  the  Sierra  a  stream  called  Rock  Creek  flows  for  a  short  distance  east- 
wardly,  and  then  to  the  south,  crosses  the  railway  line  and  empties  into 
Rio  Grande. 

The  elevation  gives  it  a  climate  of  perennial  delight;  especially  so  to  deni- 
zens of  Gulf  of  Mexico  littoral;  and  to  these  it  should  have  value  above  price. 

The  abundance  of  game  to  be  found  in  the  mountain  ravines,  and 
indeed  on  the  plains,  is  sure  to  attract  those  who  enjoy  equitation,  with 
the  reasonable  certainty  of  bagging  quail,  antelope  and  wolves,  and  bear 
possibilities  in  the  mountains.  Residents  of  this  exalted  place  never 
weary  of  lauding  its  health-restoring  value.  Much  of  the  curative  power 
is  no  doubt  due  to  success  in  winning  people  to  outdoor  life,  and  to  exer- 
cise on  horseback.  There  is  something  higher  than  a  lover's  appeal  in 
"  We'll  chase  the  antelope  over  the  plain." 

PAISANO— Alt. ,5082;  N.  0.^984  miles. 

Nopal— N.  o.,  991  miles.  Summit   Sunset    Route.     Paisano  marks 

Toronto— 'N.  O.,  976  miles.  the  highest   reach  of  this  Sunset  Route 

Alpine— Alt   4485;  NO.,  971  miles.       transcontinental  line;  and,  as  compared 
%££*.  8:;  it  SiS:  ™ith  °thers- is  certainly  inconsiderable;  it 

Lenox— N.  o.,  948  miles.  is  less  than  the  Los  Angeles  suburban 

pleasure  climb  of  Mt.  Lowe. 

MARATHON—  Alt.,  4043;  N.  O.,  939  miles. 

At    this    elevation    the    summer    climate    ap- 
ks-       preaches  perfection,  and  under  influence  of  ocean 
air  from  the  Gulf  its  winters  are  of  the  mildest. 

HAYMOND— Alt.,  3883;  N.  O.,  924  miles. 

Southerly   the   mountains    are    Horsehead    Hills;    north  are  spurs  of 
Sierra  del  Muerto  and  Apache. 

Taber—N.  O.,  915  miles.  Longfellow— Mi..  3274;  N.  O.,  895  miles. 

Maxon— N.  O.,  911  miles.  Emerson— N.  O.,  887  miles. 

Rosenfeld—N.  O.,  904  miles. 

SANDERSON— Alt.,  2780;  N.  O.,  879  miles. 

Sanderson  marks  the  bounds  of  a  run  by  freight 
Saw^N.  o'. ,(866™i&.      crews-  and  P^ce  of  change  for  passenger  train 

engines. 


65 

Mountains  northward  are  Sierra 
del  Muerte,  and  in  the  extreme 
distance,  Sierra  Charetet. 

Dryden—Mt.,  2109;  N.  p.,  858  miles. 
Thurston—N.  O.,  851  miles. 
Watkins—N.  O.,  843  miles. 

LOZIER— Alt.,    1535;    N.    O.,   833 

miles. 

Travelers  will  note  the  continuous 
charm  of  mountain  air  on  all  these 
popular  table-lands.  The  moun- 
tains in  the  south  are  Sierra  de  las 
Burros;  northerly  in  distance  Sierra 
Charette. 

Samuels— N.  O.,  826  miles. 
Osman—N.  O.,  817  miles. 
Langtry—A\\..,  1321;  N.  O.,  806  miles. 
Shumla-AM.,  1418;  N.  O.,  794  miles. 

PECOS    RIVER. 

This  river  reaches  up  into  New 
Mexico  and  disputes  with  the 
Canadian  for  its  drainage.  It  emp- 
ties into  Rio  Grande. 

VIADUCT— Alt.,   w  16;  N.  O.,  787 

miles. 

At  Viaduct  is  a  wondrous  steel 
bridge,  spanning  the  Pecos,  the 
extreme  length  of  it  2184  feet,  and 
elevation  above  the  river  bed,  321 
feet. 

CQMSTOCK— Alt.,    1556;     N.    O., 
777  miles. 

DEVILS   RIVER— N.  O.,  756  miles. 

This  is  an  unusually  beautiful, 
romantic  river,  clear  as  crystal,  and 
musical  with  liquid  notes,  as  it  finds 
its  way  over  boulder  and  pebble, 
between  the  verdant  banks. 

Let  saints  and  angels  be  invoked, 
and  if  need, — orations  pronounced 
for  change  of  name.  Surely  this 
matchless  stream  should  not  hang 
pendant  to  tail  of  enemy  of  man. 
The  surveyor  who  wrote  it  down 
"  Devils  River,"  must  have  had 
reason  to  '  'speak  him  fair. ' '  Across 


Pecos  River 
Palisades,  Rio  Grande 
Pecos  River  Hridge 


66 

the  Rio  Grande  westerly,  the  mountains  are  called  Los  Arbore  (suggest- 
ing wood  land). 

McKees— N.  O.,  750  miles. 

DEL  RIO— Alt.,  954;  N.  O.,  741  miles. 

Del  Rio  is  not  in  very  close  contact  with  the  Rip  Grande,  that  per- 
haps suggested  the  name;  but  the  international  river  is  not  far  away.  A 
small  stream  that  pays  tribute  to  urban  happiness  at  Del  Rio  is  called 
Sycamore,  shortly  to  merge  into  Rio  Grande. 

Johnstone—N.  O.,  733  miles.  Amanda— N.  O.,  726  miles. 

STANDART— Alt.,  1054;  N.  0.^723  miles. 

PIEDRA  PINTO. 

The  small  river  at  Standart  is  called  Piedra  Pinto,  and  is  tributary  ot 
Rio  Grande. 

Pinto— N.  O.,  718  miles.  Elm  Creek— Is  a  small  stream  at  Spofford. 

Kinney — N.  O.,  712  miles.  It  is  tributary  to  Nueces. 

SPOFFORD—^//.,  1015;  N.  O.,  705  miles. 

At  Spofford,  connection  is  made  by  Eagle 

Anacacho— N.  o.,  697  miles  .  Pass  branch  with  Mexican  International 
Sf-AU.-, SjoTT^af^ miles.  R^ay  for  City  of  Mexico  and  inter- 
Obi—N.  o.,  676  miles.  mediates.  It  is  in  great  request  for  side  trips 

to  Aztec  wonders. 

NUECES— Alt.,  942;  N.  O.,  670  miles. 

Nueces  is  a  trading  center  for  grazing  and  agricultural  district. 

NUECES  RIVER 

empties  into  Corpus  Christi  Bay.  This  river  has  frequent  mention  in 
history  of  Mexico  and  Texas. 

UVALDE— Alt.,  930;  N.  O.,  665  miles. 

Uvalde  is  an  influential  county  town  and  center,  for  wide  area  of  stock- 
raising  and  agricultural  country. 

LEONA   RIVER 

Is  near  Uvalde.     In  common  with 

AcTa ^S-°N.059653  miles.    Near  Chatfield      most  of  the   streams   westward  of 
is  Rio  Frio,  a  tributary  of  the  Nueces.  the  San    Antonio,  it   IS   tributary  of 

Yucca— N.  O.,  646  miles.  Nueces,  through  Rio  Frio. 

SABINAL— Alt.,  936;  N.  O.,  642  miles. 

Near   Sabinal   is   a  small  stream,  a  branch  of  Rio 

Seco— N.  O.,  635  miles. 


67 


D'HANIS— Alt.,    $88;    N.    <9.,    630 

miles. 

D'Hanis  is  a  thriving  town,  of 
much  local  value.  The  small 
stream  near  to  it  westerly  is  Seco 
Creek,  an  affluent  of  the  Nueces, 
through  Rio  Frio. 

HONDO  CREEK,  affluent  of  Nueces, 
through  the  Frio. 

Hondo— Alt.,  900;  N.  O.,  621  miles. 

SAN   MIGUEL  CREEK,  tributary  of 
the  Nueces. 

DunZay—A\t.,  1008;  N.  O.,  612  miles. 
Noonan—N.  O.,  604  miles. 
Lacoste—k\\..,  730;  N.  O.,  597  miles. 
Macdona—N.  O.,  596  miles. 
fdlewild—N.  O.,  594  miles. 
Withers— N.  O.,  582  miles. 
Alazan — N.  O..  576  miles. 

SAN  ANTONIO  RIVER 

empties    into  Gulf  of    Mexico    at 
San  Antonio  Bay. 

SAN  ANTONIO—^//.,  686;  N.  O., 

577  miles. 

San  Antonio  is  distinguished  for 
many  excellencies;  the  area  of  an 
empire  is  tributary  to  it  in  live 
stock,  cotton  and  general  farm 
produce;  and  so  salubrious  its  cli- 
mate, it  is  made  a  favorite  sani- 
tarium of  U.  S.  Army.  From  here, 
railways  radiate  to  all  points  of  the 
compass.  Northerly  it  has  Inter- 
national &  Great  Northern;  south- 
erly and  as  well  to  Central  Texas, 
San  Antonio  &  Aransas  Pass 
Railway;  but  its  most  important 
line  is  that  of  Southern  Pacific 
Company,  which  connects  it  with 
all  the  world  through  San  Francisco 
on  the  Pacific  and  New  Orleans  at 
the  east.  The  city  is  watered  by 
San  Antonio  River,  and  some  small 
tributaries,  including  the  Salado. 
San  Antonio  cannot  be  so  en- 
grossed in  its  present  glories  as  to 
forget  that  it  holds  the  Alamo. 


Schulenbere 
Segulu 


"REMEMBER  THE  ALAMO!" 

Historic  and  patriotic  interest  largely  centers  in  its  immortal  Alamo. 
In  this  semi-military  church,  during  the  war  with  Mexico  by  Texas  for  its 
independence,  in  March,  1836, 182  citizen  soldiers  were  besieged  by  Santa 
Ana  in  command  of  5000  Mexican  regulars.  At  an  early  day,  a  retreat 
might  have  been  made  with  some  losses,  but  the  heroic  band  believed 
their  death  would  serve  their  country  better  than  ignoble  flight;  and  it 
will  be  noted,  that  while  the  number  of  besieged  originally  was  but  150, 
yet,  during  its  continuance,  32  others  fought  their  way  in  to  share  the 
closing  massacre.  At  the  end  of  eleven  days  the  sacrifice  was  com- 
pleted— all  died!  Travis,  the  commander,  fell  at  his  post  of  duty,  on  the 
wall;  Colonel  Bowie  in  bed,  so  sick  he  could  not  rise  to  receive  the 
bayonet  thrust  of  the  foe — but  that  was  needless;  he  was  murdered 
where  he  lay.  David  Crockett,  the  famous,  died  behind  a  rampart  of 
assailants  he  had  slain.  There  was  no  chivalrous  recognition  of  valor; 
the  last  defender  died.  One  non-combatant  woman,  with  a  young,  child 
and  a  negro  servant,  were  left  to  tell  the  tale.  On  the  monument,  Texas 
has  inscribed:  "Thermopylae  had  its  messenger  of  defeat;  the  Alamo 
had  none." 

It  is  not  unpleasant  to  know  this  holocaust  served  its  purpose  to  ''fire 
the  heart"  of  patriotism,  and,  shortly  after,  the  Lone  Star  waved  in 
triumph. 

RIO  CIBOLO,  a  small  stream  affluent  of  San  Antonio  River. 

Kirby—N.  O.,  564  miles.  Marion— Alt.,  640;  N.  O.,  548  miles. 

Converse— Alt.,  717;  N.  O.,  559  miles.  Hilda— N.  O.,  543  miles. 

GUADALUPE  RIVER  enters  Gulf  at  San  Antonio  Bay. 
8 EG U IN— Alt.,599;  N.  O.,  537  miles. 

This  attractive  city  is  about  one  mile  south  of  the  station.  It  deals 
largely  in  cotton,  and  in  live  stock  of  superior  grade.  Seguin  has  water- 
power  possibilities  that  could  make  it  one  of  the  principal  manufacturing 
centers  of  Texas.  Contiguous  to  the  city  are  falls  of  the  Guadalupe 
River — untold  wealth,  literally  running  to  waste. 

KINGSBURY— Alt.,  613;  N.  0.^527  miles. 

AFFLUENT  OF  GUADALUPE  RIVER,  between  Sullivan  and  Luling. 

Sullivan— N.  O.,  523  miles. 

LULING— Alt.,  41 6;  N.  O.,  516  miles. 

Luling  is  a  very  attractive,  progressive  city,  having  enterprise  as  well 
as  capital.  It  deals  heavily  in  cotton,  produced  in  a  rich,  tributary 
country.  The  city  is  watered  and  drained  by  an  affluent  of  Guadalupe 
River.  Southern  Pacific  Company's  line  bisects  the  city,  bringing 
commerce  and  the  transportation  side  of  it  into  close  and  praise- 
worthy contact.  San  Antonio  &  Aransas  Pass  Railway  is  also  in 
Luling,  with  purpose  to  bless.  At  Luling,  and  as  well  in  most  places  on 
this  Texas  transit,  the  nights  are  made  luminous  by  wondrous  firefly 
displays. 


HARWOOD—  Alt.,  460;  N.   O.,  507 
miles. 

Harwood 

/z/y-N.  O.,  510  miles.  ig     termi_ 

Sandy  Fork—N.  O.,  502  miles.  naj     Qf    a 

twelve-mile  branch  line  to  Gon- 
zales,  where  it  connects  with  San 
Antonio  &  Aransas  Pass  Railway 
for  southern  Texas  and  the  Gulf. 


WAELDER—  Alt.,  375; 
miles. 


.  O.,  494 


Waelder  is  in  proper  enjoyment 
of  much  local  pride.  Its  enterprise 
reaches  every  legitimate  channel  of 
business  and  deserves  success. 

Pierson—N.  O.,  488  miles. 

FLATONIA—  Alt.,  461;  N.    0.^483 

miles. 

Flatonia  is  an  active  manufac- 
turing and  commercial  city,  with 
an  arm  of  San  Antonio  &  Aransas 
Pass  Railway,  in  addition  to  South- 
ern Pacific  Company's  transconti- 
nental line,  to  foster  its  prosperity. 
The  San  Antonio  &  Aransas  Pass 
reaches  northerly  to  valuable  tribu- 
tary fields,  and,  as  well,  to  ports  on 
the  Gulf. 

Engle—N.  O.,  477  miles. 

SCHULENBERG—  Alt.,  352;  N.  O., 

470  miles. 

Schulenberg  is  planted  on  pleas- 
ant rolling  ground;  enjoys  good 
commercial  life;  and  has  an  excel- 
lent railway  eating-house. 

WEIMAR—^//.,    416;    N.    O.,   462 
miles. 

Weimar  is  a  place  of  local  inter- 
est. Its  name,  and  also  those  of 
Schulenberg  and  Waelder,  yet  to  be 
noted,  speak  of  pious,  fatherland 
memories  by  their  founders.  Be- 
tween Weimar  and  Schulenberg 
the  Navidad  River  is  crossed.  It 
reaches  Lavaca  Bay. 


New  Iberia 
State  House,  Austin 
Lake  Charles 
Ysleta 


70 

BORDEN—  Alt.,  301;  N.    <9.,  457  miles. 
GLIDDEN—  Alt.,  242;  N.  O.,  450  miles. 

Glidden  is  essentially  a  railroad  town,  and,  therefore,  wide  awake. 
On  all  hands,  the  busy  hum  of  profitable  industry.  A  branch  railway 
connects  it  with  La  Grange,  northerly. 

COLUMBUS—^//.,  209;  A7:  a,  447  miles. 

Columbus  is  a  place  of  more  than  average  urban  value.  Large  mer- 
cantile and  manufacturing  interests  are  fostered  by  it,  and  by  branch 
railway  with  one  terminal  at  Glidden  it  has  access  to  La  Grange  at  the 
north. 

COLORADO  RIVER  OF  TEXAS 

This  large  stream  takes  its  rise  in  Northwestern  Texas,  in  close  relation 
to  Pecos  River  and  upper  waters  of  the  Brazos,  and  empties  into  Mata- 
gorda  Bay. 

Smith  Junction — N.  O.,  445  miles.     Has  branch  railway  connection  with  La  Grange  at  the 

North. 
Alleyton—N.  O.,  444  miles.  Ramsey— 1$.  O.,  437  miles. 

EAGLE  LAKE— Alt.,  i79;  N.  O.,  431  miles. 

This  pleasant  town  has  a  most  inviting  appearance,  is  in  possession  of 
present  prosperity,  with  an  assured  future.  In  addition  to  Southern 
Pacific's  through  transcontinental  line  it  has  San  Antonio  &  Aransas  Pass 
Railway,  giving  direct  access  to  all  parts  of  the  State. 

LISSIE— Alt.,  162;  N.  O.,  424  miles. 

EAST  BERNARD—^//.,  131;  N.  O.,  414  miles. 

BERNARD  RIVER 

Xatili—  N.  O.,  410  miles.  Randon—N.  O.,  405  miles. 

ROSENBERG—^.,  no;  N.  O.,  399  miles. 

Rosenberg  is  a  railway  junction  city.  By  the  Gulf,  Western  Texas  & 
Pacific,  and  the  New  York,  Texas  &  Mexican  Railways,  it  reaches 
Victoria,  Cuero  and  Port  Lavaca,  and  has  northerly  outlet  over  G.  C.  & 
Sante  Fe;  and  is  connected  with  all  the  world  by  Southern  Pacific  Com- 
pany's transcontinental  line. 

RICHMOND—^//.,  96;  N.  O.,  396  miles. 

Richmond  is  a  place  of  business  activity;  its  natural  advantages 
developing  local  pride  and  public  spirit. 

BRAZOS  RIVER— TV.  O.,  393  miles. 

This  famous  river  is  crossed  between  Sartartia  and  Richmond.  It 
bears  drainage  from  points  in  close  contact  with  Red  River  in  northern 
Texas,  and  ends  its  beneficent  life  in  Gulf  of  Mexico. 


Sartartia—N.  O.,  389  miles. 
SUGARLAND— N.  0.,  387  miles. 

Stafford— N.  O.,  383  miles. 

Missouri  City— Alt.,  92;  N.  O.,  382  miles. 

Lotus— -N.  O.,  377  miles. 

Stella— Alt..  63;  N.  O.,  372  miles. 

Tewena—'N.  p.,  366  miles. 

Chaney  Junction — N.  O.,  364  miles. 

A  large  area  of  rich  river  bottom 
land  is  devoted  to  sugar  cane  culti- 
vation at  this  place  with  gratifying 
success. 

HOUSTON—^//.,   64;    N.    O.,  362 

miles. 

Houston  is  a  grand  city.  It  is  the 
commercial  and  railway  metropolis 
of  Texas,  made  so  by  energy  of  its 
merchants  and  manufacturers  and 
enterprise  of  railway  construction, 
relying  upon  the  future  for  reward. 
The  most  ambitious  wishes  of  its 
business  men  have  been  met  by 
railway  lines  extending  to  every 
possible  mart  of  value.  The  sea- 
port is  Galveston,  by  rail,  fifty-three 
miles  south. 

Its  railways  number  half  a  score, 
not  to  be  exhaustively  enumerated 
here,  but  mention  of  the  most  im- 
portant may  serve  to  show  the 
magnitude  of  this  interest.  These 
include  San  Antonio  &  Aransas 
Pass,  Houston  &  Texas  Central, 
International  &  Great  Northern  and 
Southern  Pacific  transcontinental 
line,  New  Orleans  to  San  Fran- 
cisco. 

The  city  is  opulent,  well  built, 
progressive,  and  has  an  assured 
future,  the  reward  of  industry  and 
enterprise. 

GALVESTON— From   Houston,   53 

miles. 

Galveston  will  fill  the  dreams  of 
the  Middle- West  for  a  deep-sea  har- 
bor on  the  Gulf.  For  many  years 
enterprising  capital  has  awaited  a 
fair  opportunity  to  inaugurate  and 


Louisiana  Sugar  Mill 
Louisiana  Sugar  Mill 
Eiver  Landing 
Cane  Fields 


72 

complete  the  works  needful  to  make  this  a  seaport  equal  to  prospective 
demands  of  commerce  that  shall  pass  through  its  gates.  The  initial  steps 
have  been  taken  and  success  is  certain.  To  this  end  Southern  Pacific 
Company  is  constructing  extensive  ocean  steamship  docks,  some  portions 
of  which  are  already  in  use.  Returning  now  to  main  line. 

Greens— N.  O.,  355  miles.  Sheldon— Alt.,  59;  N.  O.,  346  miles. 

Fauna— -N.  O.,  352  miles. 

SAN  JACINTO  RIVER— V.  O.,  344  miles. 

Crosby-T*.  o.,  342  miles.  This   river>  that    serves    to    perpetuate    the 

Waiiy—^.  O.,  335  miles.  memory  of  a  battle  that  wrought  the  inde- 

Stiison—^.  O.,  331  miles.  pendence   of  Texas,    empties  into    Gulf   of 

Dayton-Pto.,  92;  N.  o.,  328  miles.  Mexico  at  Trinity  Bay.  On  its  banks,  near 
the  Bay,  April  22,  1836,  the  Texans,  under  leadership  of  Sam  Houston, 
engaged  three  times  their  number  of  Mexicans,  the  flower  of  its  army, 
personally  led  by  Santa  Ana.  With  wild  cries  of  "  Remember  the 
Alamo!"  the  attack  was  made  and  an  overwhelming  victory  secured. 

LIBERTY—^//.,  41;  N.  O.,  322  miles. 

At  Liberty  the  historic  Trinity  is  crossed.  It  rises  in  northern  Texas7 
and  empties  into  an  eastern  arm  of  Galveston  Bay  called  Trinity  Bay. 
On  its  banks  the  Chivalrous  Sieur  de  la  Salle  was  treacherously  murdered 
by  his  companions  in  1687.  He  was  leader  of  a  movement  by  France  to 
wrest  this  Texas  region  from  Spain.  The  party  came  in  several  vessels, 
direct  from  France,  but,  by  navigating  mischance  or  treachery,  failed  to 
find  the  mouth  of  the  Mississippi  and  was  wrecked  on  the  coast  of  Texas. 

TRINITY  RIVER. 

Raywood—T*.  O.,  314  miles.  Devers—N.  O.,  308  miles. 

Ames— IS.  O.,  310  miles.  Felicia—^.  O.,  303  miles. 

SOUR  LAKE— Alt.,  54;  N.  O.,  298  miles. 

This  Lake  and  the  Thermal  Springs  connected 

Chtna-N.  O.,  293  miles.  with  ^  for  manv  generations  have  enjoyed 

Pine  island-^,  o.,  288  miles.  great  popularity  for  curative  properties.  Its 

waters  are  distinctly  sour,  and  their  use  as 

beverage  and  for  bathing  usually  gives  speedy  cure  to  cutaneous  and 
many  other  diseases.  The  acid  origin  is  no  doubt  sulphurous.  It  is  likely 
there  is  an  underlying  deposit  of  sulphur,  and  nature,  in  leisurely  way,  is 
manufacturing  sulphuric  acid;  the  patent  remedy  is  sulphur. 

BEAUMONT— Alt.,  32;  N.  O.,  278  miles. 

In  transportation  way,  Beaumont  relies  upon  the  trans-continental  line 
of  Southern  Pacific,  but  has  navigable  relations  with  the  Gulf  through 
Neches  River;  and  has  connection  southward  also  by  Texas  &  New 
Orleans  Railway,  thirty  miles  to  Sabine  Pass,  and  by  same  line  northerly 
seventy-four  miles  to  Rockland. 

The  great  lumber  regions  tributary  to  Beaumont  lie  at  the  foundation 
of  its  prosperity,  and  it  hardly  needed  the  recent  discovery  of  an  under- 
lying reservoir  of  oil,  that  promises  to  be  exhaustless.  The  imprisoned 
fluid  spouts  with  a  vigor  that  is  well  nigh  unrestrainable. 


NECHE8  RIVER— Ar.  6>.,  277  miles. 

Diana— N.  O.,  272  miles. 
Ferrv— N.  O.,  268  miles. 
Tulane~N.  O.,  263  miles.  The  railway  in 

vicinity  of  Tulane  and  Ferry  crosses  arms 

of  Sabine  Lake. 

This  river,  also  historic — comes 
to  the  south,  with  drainage  from 
Northern  Texas.  It  empties  into 
Sabine  Lake  and  Gulf  of  Mexico. 

ORANGE—^//.,    21 ;     N.     O.,    257 

miles. 

Echo—N.  O.,  251  miles.     This  station  is  the 
last  one  in  Texas. 

At  Orange  the  railway  line  makes 
a  sharp  turn  northward,  parallel  with 
the  Sabine  until  Echo  is  reached, 
at  a  distance  of  about  six  miles. 

Orange  is  well  situated  on  this 
navigable  river,  and  in  close  contact 
with  an  immense  area  of  valuable 
timber.  The  lumber  output  is  so 
large  the  figures  seem  unreliable. 
This  city  is  justly  credited  with 
public  spirit,  refinement  and  wealth. 

SABINE  RIVER— .V.  O.,  250  miles. 

Jacksonville — N.  O.,  247  miles. 
Toomev—N.  O.,  246  miles. 
/  'inton--N.  O.,  242  miles. 
Edgerly— Alt.,  33;  N.  O.,  236  miles. 

This  historic  river,  from  its  mouth 
in  Sabine  Lake  at  Gulf  of  Mexico 
to  a  point  contiguous  to  Logans- 
port,  a  short  distance  southerly 
from  Shreveport,  is  boundary  line 
between  Louisiana  and  Texas. 

SULPHUR  MINE— N.O.,  228  miles. 
For  years  it  was  known  a  sulphur 
bed  had  been  created  here,  and 
many  efforts  were  fruitlessly  made 
to  reach  it;  failing  all  of  them  be- 
cause of  superimposed  quicksand. 
At  last,  however,  wells  were  driven 
to  it;  the  tubing  excluding  the  sand 
and  exposing  the  sulphur  to  control. 

CALCASIEU  RIVER. 

«™/a*,-x.o.,  221  miles.      Calcasfeu 
River  is  here  crossed  by  the  train. 


Its  headwaters  are  in  the  Red  River  country,  also  birthplace  of  Vermillion 
and  Teche.  The  Calcasieu  feeds  lake  of  the  same  name,  and  thence  to 
Gulf  of  Mexico. 

LAKE  CHARLES— Ar.  O.t  218  miles. 

Lake  Charles  as  watering  place  and  popular  resort  possesses  many 
attractions,  and  makes  the  lakes  and  rivers  pay  rich  tribute  to  cultivated 
tastes.  Its  social  reputation  is  of  the  highest,  and  extends  over  a  wide 
area  of  Louisiana  and  Texas.  A  branch  of  Kansas  City,  Pittsburg  &  Gulf 
Railway  leads  northerly  from  Lake  Charles  to  DeQuincey. 

Chloe—TS.  O.,  213  miles. 

IOWA— Ar.  a,  207  miles. 

The  Kansas  City,  Watkins  &  Gulf  Railway,  with  terminals  at  Lake 
Charles  and  Alexandria,  crosses  Southern  Pacific  Company's  line  at  Iowa. 

Lacassine — N.  O.,  201  miles.    The  small  stream  is  western  fork  of  Bayou  Lacassine. 

WELSH— Alt.,  32;  N.  O.,  195  miles. 

Welsh,  in  all  respects,  is  in  harmony  with  the 
new  life  that  has  been  brought  to  redeem  this 

region  from  waste.  The  beneficial  work  is  being  done,  with  rice  culti- 
vation as  foundation  of  general  prosperity.  Its  small  stream  is  eastern 
fork  of  Bayou  Lacassine. 

JENNINGS— N.  <9.,  1 85  miles. 

Jennings  draws  heavy  tribute  from  rice  cultivation  and  is  progressive 
andi  prosperous. 

MERMENTEAU— Alt. ,25;  N.  <9.,  1 80  miles. 

Mermenteau  recalls  Acadian  romance.     Al- 

Midland-^.  O.,  174  miles.  read     we  haye  traversed  much  of  it   and  more 

Estherzvood-K.  O.,  172  miles.        ig    tQ    foUow  ag   wfi   crQSS    the   Calcasieu   and 

other  classic  streams.  The  country  now,  as  one  hundred  years  ago,  in- 
vites to  aquatic  exercise  and  sports.  Everywhere,  even  in  the  thin  water 
line,  at  bottom  of  drainage  ways  within  the  railroad's  right  of  way,  are 
floating  the  glossy  varnished  lily  pads;  and  floral  stars  of  purest  white 
dispute  the  verdant  leafage;  water-loving  plants,  suggesting  the  Egyptian 
lotus,  spread  their  fronds  for  inspection  and  admiration.  With  these  the 
whole  field  of  vision  during  the  night  is  aflame  with  fireflies;  the  boom  of 
the  bittern  breaks  the  silence,  and  the  saurian  answers  with  guttural  or 
abdominous  thorough-bass,  awaking  batrachians  from  far  and  near,  to  fill 
each  succeeding  octave  until  the  higher  notes  are  reached  by  katy-did 
and  thirsty,  strident  cicada. 

"At  eve  a  dry  cicada  sung." 

—  Tennyson. 

Across  the  twilight  firmament  heavy  flying  pelicans  are  seen,  in  man- 
dible pouch,  bearing  their  piscene  catch  to  waiting  fledglings  in  the  distant 
nest. 


CROWLEY—  AIL,  32;  '  N.  <?.,  166 
miles. 

Ravne—  Alt.,  32;  N.  O.,  160  miles. 

/;//.xv;//--N.  ().,  154  miles. 

Scott—  N.  O.,  149  miles.     The  small  water- 

course here  is  Conlee-Kinney,  an  affluent 

of  Vermillion  River. 

Crowley  is  an  active  growing  city, 
seat  of  government  for  tributary 
country,  and  is  center  of  a  promis- 
ing rice  cultivation.  Sugar,  rice 
and  cotton  are  produced  at  Scott, 
Duson  and  Rayne;  added  to  these, 
large  interests  are  devoted  to  cattle- 
raising  and  general  farming.  Mid- 
land Branch  Railway  extends  from 
Crowley  to  Midland,  a  distance  of 
eight  miles,  with  Estherwood  inter- 
mediate, six  miles  from  Crowley. 
From  Midland  a  branch  eleven  miles 
in  length  reaches  Gueydan,  and  an- 
other branch  twenty-four  miles  in 
length  to  Eunice. 

LAFAYETTE—  Alt.,  5i;  N.  O.,  144 

miles. 

Vermillion  River  —  N.  O.,  143  miles.  Its 
northern  affluents  head  near  the  Red  River 
region.  It  empties  into  Vermillion  Bay  at 
the  Gulf. 

Hroiissard—^.  O.,  138  miles. 

l)uckam/)—y,.  O.,  134  miles. 

Originally  this  city  was  called 
Vermillion,  and  is  so  named  on 
some  ancient  maps.  It  is  a  place 
enjoying  an  active  and  prosperous 
business  life;  is  southern  terminus 
of  Alexandria  Branch  Railway, 
eighty-five  miles  in  length  to  Alex- 
andria on  Red  River;  and  by  Ver- 
million River  it  'has  waterway  to 
the  Gulf. 
CADE—  N.  O.,  133  miles. 


Burke-K.  O,  130  miles. 

*'*["-«  -N.O.,  128  miles.  > 

"St.  Martinsville,"  extending 
northerly  from  Cade  to  St.  Martins- 
ville seven  miles,  and  thence  to 
Arnaudville,  twenty-nine  miles  from 
Cade.  In  common  with  the  towns 
along  the  Teche,  Cade  occupies  a 
place  of  local  consequence. 


NEW  IBERIA—  A.  a,  r*5.-miles. 

New    Iberia  is  connected  with  Abbeville,  twenty- 

r-^.O.,  120  miles.  by    the     Iberia    and    Vermillioil 


Railroad,  and  by  a  four-mile  branch  of  it  at  Junction,  six  miles  from  New 
Iberia,  the  celebrated  A  very  's  Island  or  Petit  Anse  salt  mines  are 
reached  —  ten  miles  from  New  Iberia.  To  visit  this  wonderful  saline 
storehouse  will  give  large  reward.  Avery's  Island,  having  the  salt, 
determined  to  add  pepper  to  it,  with  result  that  epicures  are  now  en- 
abled to  rejoice  in  Tabasco  pepper  for  table  use. 

Time  was,  when  outside  of  Tabasco  in  old  Mexico,  this  species  of 
refined  pepper  was  cultivated  only  on  Avery's  Island,  but  is  now  pro- 
duced elsewhere. 

JEANERETTE—  V.   0.,  //./  miles. 

Jeanerette  makes  successful  claim  to  no  little  of  the 
B-  saccharine  output  of  the  Teche. 

BALDWIN—  A.  a,  105  miles. 

Baldwin,  as  above  noted,  connects  by  rail  with  Cypremort  southerly 
fifteen  miles. 

It  has  a  large  commercial  business,  dealing  chiefly  in  cane  products 
and  the  demands  of  its  cultivation. 

FRANKLIN—  A:  O.,  rot  miles. 

Franklin,  and  as  well  Patterson  and  the  entire  country  as  far  as  Jeaner- 
ette, are  in  the  Teche  sugar  paradise. 

Franklin  enjoys  an  active  life  and  has  a  branch  railway  nineteen  miles 
in  length  to  Cypremort  and  covers  Baldwin  by  it,  four  miles  from  Franklin. 

BAYOU  SALE—  A:  O.s  96  miles. 

This  place  supports  a  valuable  traffic  in  sugar  and 
•    the  supplies  needed  by  its  producers. 

PATTERSON—  A:  0.,  $7  wiles. 

Patterson   is   a   thriving   town  and  well  approved 
;-    center  of  sugar  production. 

MORGAN  CITY—  A.  O.t  So  miles. 

Morgan  City  is  an  important  town  and  seaport, 

*-N.O.,76i  planted  on  the  eastern  bank  of  Bayou  Atcha- 

falaya,  a   navigable   water   course    with    many 

affluents    inland    northerly,    including    that    o'f 

Bayou  Teche;  it  drains  the  country  parallel  with 

•    the  Mississippi,  extending  almost  'to  the  banks 

of  Red  River,  and  reaches  the  Gulf  through  Atchafalaya  Bay.  It  is  sub- 
stantially bridged  at  Morgan  City  —  with  town  of  Berwick  at  the  western 
end. 


SCHRIEVER— A.  O.,  55  "liles> 

Schriever  is  of  commercial  im- 
portance, growing  out  of  its  sugar 
production  and  other  enterprises. 
A  branch  railway ,  six  miles  in  length , 
extends  northerly  to  Thibodeaux; 
and  a  second  branch  southerly,  fif- 
teen miles  to  Houma. 
LAFOURCHE— .V.  O.,  52  miles. 

Rousseau— N.  O.,  49  miles. 
Bowie— N.  O.,  41  miles. 
Race/and—^.  O.,  40  miles. 
Des  Allemands—^.  O.,32  miles. 
Boutte—N.  O.,  24  miles 
Sali.v— N.  O.,  19  miles. 
fefferson—N.  O.,  12  miles. 
Gretna—N.  O.,  3  miles. 

At  Raceland  and  Lafourche  sugar 
cane  is  profitably  grown,  and  the 
principal  water  course  is  Bayou 
Black,  self  named  on  account  of 
chemical  and  vegetable  stain  in  the 
water. 

The  Des  Allemands  Bayou  on 
which  this  quaint  old  German  set- 
tlement was  planted  connects  Lake 
Des  Allemands  at  the  north,  with 
Lake  Salvador  at  the  south;  and 
finally  debouches  into  Barataria 
Bay,  the  one-time  chosen  haunt  of 
La  Fitte  and  his  pirate  crew. 

ALGIERS. 

Here  will  be  speedy  transfer  from 
train  to  boat — your  line  of  articu- 
lated cars  coming  to  final  rest 
parallel  to  and  in  close  contact  with 
the  ferry  slip.  Polite  servitors 
quickly  seize  upon  your  cherished 
impedimenta  and  transfer  it  to  the 
waiting  boat.  As  you  pass  out  of 
the  slip,  take  a  place  on  the  upper 
deck  and  note  the  Railway  Com- 
pany's ocean-going  steamships, 
moored  at  near-by  wharves,  await- 
ing their  sailing  days  for  New  York 
and  other  Atlantic  seaports,  for 
Havana,  Porto  Rico  and  other  in- 
sular ports  of  the  West  Indies,  for 


/f 


Europe  and  South  and  Central  America,  and  elsewhere  upon  commercial 
invitation. 

Your  view  of  the  Mississippi  will  make  a  lasting  impression — the 
breadth  at  the  ferry  is  about  half  a  mile — with  an  extreme  depth  of  two 
hundred  feet  at  high  water;  the  current  five  miles  an  hour — and  distance 
from  Gulf  of  Mexico  one  hundred  and  seven  miles. 

MISSISSIPPI    RIVER. 

If  one  asks  "  What  is  the  dominant  feature  of  New  Orleans?"  the 
answer  shall  be  :  "The  wondrous  waterway  that  has  made  such  a  metropo- 
lis possible" — the  tawny,  down-moving  tide,  that  in  its  majesty  compelled 
recognition  as  4'  Father  of  Waters" 

The  eastern  bank  of  this  nine-mile  curve  of  it,  becoming  urban,  has 
been  named  Crescent  City. 

To  stand,  contemplative  on  the  levee,  its  influence  is  in  line  with  that 
of  Niagara's  fateful  plunge.  Few  persons  unmoved  can  look  upon  this 
turbid  current,  bearing  gifts  of  fertility,  the  tribute  of  Cumberland,  of 
Blue  Ridge  and  the  Alleghanys;  of  far  away  western  Lake  Superior's 
lacustrine  hunting-grounds,  and  from  Rocky  Mountain  fastnesses  and 
realms  of  his  Majesty  the  King  in  British  America. 

There  will  be  hints  of  resistless  Omnipotence  and  command  to  silence. 
For  an  impression  that  will  be  fadeless  it  is  not  needful  in  backward 
glance  to  mark  the  opulent  city  that  was  born  to  it — and  has  been  fostered 
by  its  bounty;  nor  yet  to  align  its  ocean  argosies,  nor  marshal  the  gilded 
craft  that  weave  the  enriching  web  of  inland  commerce.  If  for  this  view 
you  have  traversed  the  continent  from  Pacific  to  Atlantic  the  sufficient 
reward  shall  be  half  an  hour's  appreciation  of  its  historic  tide. 

NEW  ORLEANS. 

This  city,  under  wise  sanitation,  now  takes  high  rank  for  healthful- 
ness,  whether  the  seasonal  test  be  midsummer,  or  opposite  segment  of 
the  annual  circle. 

Let  no  one  so  misapprehend  the  fact  as  to  avoid  or  pass  it  flying, 
since  painstaking  inspections  offer  unusual  rewards.  In  many  respects 
the  large  cities  of  our  country  are  replicas;  differences  relating  chiefly  to 
their  topography  and  area,  but  this  southern  metropolis  is  unique  and 
must  for  all  time  remain  so.  It  is  most  unlikely  in  the  world's  future 
history  the  genesis  of  any  other  city  will  fall  under  the  complex  in- 
fluences that  presided  here. 

While  not  boastful  of  architectural  grandeur,  it  has  many  piles  that  are 
worthy  of  emulation.  Make  judicious  selection  of  street  car  lines  and 
thread  the  principal  avenues,  thereby  obtaining  a  general  idea  of  urban 
characteristics;  thereafter  by  carriage,  with  competent  Jehu,  give  critical 
examination  of  poetic,  historic  and  romantic  bits;  nor  let  consuming  in- 
terest in  the  living  overshadow  some  thought  of  sacred  dust  that  immor- 
talizes the  necropolis.  You  will  surely  visit  this,  and  seeing  with  wrhat 
exquisite  good  taste  and  filial  piety  paternal  ashes  are  inurned,  will  have 
your  reward  in  jtister  appreciation  of  a  love  that  requires  such  high  art  to 
give  it  visible  expression. 


You  have  noted  the  Cathedral  on 
Jackson  Square  —  mayhap,  have 
enjoyed  its  incensed  atmosphere; 
have  marked  the  equestrian  statue 
in  bronze  to  General  Jackson, 
standing  on  the  spot  where  in  its 
day  stood  a  triumphal  arch  heavy 
with  victor's  laurel  and  fragrant  with 
choicest  gifts  of  Flora,  beneath 
which,  in  grand  march  to  the  sacred 
temple,  all  the  people  in  loud 
acclaim  escorted  the  hero. 

Historic  French  market  is  not 
far  distant  and  invites  an  early 
morning  call.  When,  through 
these  various  visits  you  have  pos- 
sessed yourself  of  the  spiritual  and 
social  aroma,  and  of  the  commer- 
cial no  less  than  material  atmosphere 
of  this  city,  it  will  stand  before  you 
pre-eminently  non  -  provincial  —  a 
cosmopolitan  metropolis,  having  no 
peer  in  this  or  any  other  land. 


SOUTHERN     PACIFIC 


REPRESENTATIVES    PASSENGER    DEPARTMENT 

SAN   FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

E.  O.  McCoRMicK Passenger  Traffic  Manager 

T.  H.  GOODMAN General  Passenger  Agent 

R.  A.  DONALDSON Assistant  General  Passenger  Agent 

JAS.  HORSBURGH,  JR Assistant  General  Passenger  Agent 

H.  R.  JUDAH Assistant  General  Passenger  Agent 

HOUSTON,  TEXAS 

S.  F.  B.  MORSE Assistant  Passenger  Traffic  Manager 

NEW  YORK,  N.  Y.— 349  Broadway  and  1  Battery  Place 

L.  H.  NUTTING General  Eastern  Passenger  Agent 


DIVISION,   GENERAL  AND  TRAVELING  AGENTS 


ATLANTA,  GA. 

H.  W.  NATHAN,  General  Agent. 
BALTIMORE,  MD. 

B.  B.  BARBER,  Agent,  209  East  German 
Street. 

BOSTON,  MASS. 

E.  E.  CURRIER,  New  England  Agent, 

170  Washington  Street. 
CHICAGO,  ILL. 

W.   G.   NEIMYER,   General   Agent,   193 

Clark  Street. 
CINCINNATI,  OHIO 

W.    H.    CONNOR,    General    Agent,    53 

East  Fourth  Street. 
DENVER,  COLO. 

W.    K.    MCALLISTER,    General    Agent, 

1112  Seventeenth  Street. 
DETROIT,  MICH. 

G.    G.    HERRING,   General    Agent,    126 

Woodward  Avenue. 
EL   PASO,  TEXAS 

W.  R.  FAG  AN,  Division  Passenger  and 

Freight  Agent. 
FRESNO,  CAL. 

J.  F.  HIXSON,  Division  Passenger  and 
Freight  Agent,  1902  Mariposa  Street. 
LOS  ANGELES,  CAL. 

G.  A.  PARKYNS,  Assistant  General  Pas- 
senger and  Freight  Agent,  261  South 
Spring  Street. 
NEW  YORK,  N.  Y. 

L.  H.  NUTTING,  General  Eastern  Pas- 
senger Agent,  349  Broadway  and  1  Bat- 
tery Place. 
NEW  ORLEANS,  LA. 

F.  S.  DECKER,  Assistant  General  Pas- 
senger Agent. 

OAKLAND,  CAL. 

G.  F.  FORSYTH,  Division  Passenger  and 
Freight  Agent,  468  Tenth  Street. 


PHILADELPHIA,  PA. 

R.  J.   SMITH,    Agent,  109  South  Third 

Street. 
PITTSBURG,  PA. 

F.  B.  CHOATE,  General  Agent,  1209  Park 
Building. 

PORTLAND,  ORE. 

R.  B.  MILLER,  General  Passenger  Agent, 

Lines  in  Oregon. 
RIVERSIDE,  CAL. 

J.  R.  GRAY,  Commercial  Agent. 

SACRAMENTO,   CAL. 

C.  J.  JONES,    Division    Passenger    and 
Freight  Agent. 

SAX    DIEGO,  CAL. 

F.    M.    FRYH,   Commercial    Agent,   901 

Fifth  Street. 
SAX  FRAXCISCO,  CAL.,  613  Market  St. 

(i.  W.  FLETCHER,  Geneial  Agent. 

A.  S.  MANN,  Ticket  Agent. 

YY.    McMuRRAY,     Agent     Information 

Bureau. 
SAN  JOSE,  CAL. 

PAUL  SHOUP,    Division    Passenger  and 
Freight  Agent,  16  South  First  Street. 

SANTA    BARBARA,  CAL. 

B.  F.  COONS,  Commercial  Agent. 

ST.  LOUIS,  MO. 

J.    H.    LOTHROP,    General    Agent,    903 

Olive  Street. 
SYRACUSE,  N.  Y. 

F.  T.  BROOKS,  New  York  State  Agent. 
129  South  Franklin  Street. 

TUCSON,  ARIZ. 

C.  M.   BURKH ALTER,  Division  Passen- 
ger and  Freight  Agent. 

WASHINGTON,  D.  C. 

A.  I.   POSTON,   General   Agent,   Sunset 
Excursions,  -VL1  Pennsylvania  Avenue. 


No.  8.     (2-26-02— 25M.) 


LAND    DEPARTMENT 

SAN   FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

WM.  H.  MILLS Land  Agent  C.  P.  R.  R. 

JEROME  MADDEN.. Land  Agent  S.  P.  R.  R. 

PORTLAND,  ORE. 

GEO.  H.  ANDREWS Acting  Land  Agent 

CHICAGO,  ILL. 

GEO.  M.  McKiNNEY,  238  Clark  Street General  Western  Immigration  Agent 


